GBP/USD rises ahead of UK retail salesThe British pound has extended its gains on Thursday. In the North American session, GBP/USD is trading at 1.2772, up 0.32%.
The UK will wrap up a busy week with retail sales on Friday. The July report is expected to show a decline in consumer spending. Headline retail sales are expected to fall by 0.5% after a 0.7% gain in May and core retail sales are projected to decline by 0.7% after a 0.8% increase in May. The June numbers were higher than expected despite high inflation, helped by record-hot weather. Will the July data also surprise to the upside?
The UK consumer has been grappling with the highest inflation in the G7 club, which means shoppers are getting less for their money. This has dampened consumption, a key driver of the economy. Energy prices are lower, thanks to the energy price cap, but food inflation continues to soar and was 17.4% y/y in June. Consumer confidence has been mired deep in negative territory and the GfK consumer confidence index, which will be released later today, is expected at -29, almost unchanged from the previous release of -30 points.
The Bank of England would like to follow some of the other major central banks that are in a pause phase, but the grim inflation picture may force the BoE to keep raising interest rates, which could tip the weak economy into a recession.
Wage growth jumped to 7.8% in the three months to June, up from 7.5% in the previous period. In July, headline CPI fell to 6.9%, down sharply from 7.9%, but core CPI remains sticky, and was unchanged at 6.9%. The data points to a wage-price spiral which could impede the BoE's efforts to curb inflation.
The Federal Reserve remains concerned about high inflation and said that additional rate hikes might be needed, according to the minutes of the July meeting. At the meeting, the Fed raised rates by 0.25%, a move that was widely anticipated. Most members "continued to see significant upside risks to inflation, which could require further tightening of monetary policy". At the same, time, members expressed uncertainty over the future rate path since there were signs that inflationary pressures could be easing.
GBP/USD is testing resistance at 1.2787. The next resistance line is 1.2879
1.2726 and 1.2634 are providing support
Consumerconfidence
Australian dollar edges higher after mixed confidence dataThe New Zealand dollar is showing limited movement on Wednesday, trading at 0.6060 in the European session.
Like most major central banks, the Reserve Bank of New Zealand has been waging a long and tough battle against inflation by raising interest rates. CPI fell to 6.0% in the second quarter, down from 6.7%. That's certainly good news, but let's remember that inflation is still rising sharply and is much higher than the RBNZ's 2% target.
The central bank is also concerned about inflation expectations, which can become embedded when inflation is high and translate into even higher inflation. Wednesday's 2-year inflation expectations release showed a rise to 2.83% in the third quarter, up from 2.79% in the second quarter. One-year inflation expectations fell to 4.17% in Q3, down from 4.17% in Q2.
The data indicates that inflation expectations remain high, and that perception could make the life of policy makers more difficult in the fight to bring down inflation. The RBNZ has a long way to go before inflation falls to the 2% target, and that will likely mean further rate hikes unless inflation levels fall sharply. The RBNZ held rates at 5 .50% in July and meets next on August 16th.
China is experiencing a bumpy recovery, and that is bad news for the global economy. Commodity currencies such as the New Zealand dollar are sensitive to Chinese economic releases and a soft Chinese trade release on Tuesday sent NZD/USD lower by as much as 80 basis points.
The bad news continued on Wednesday as China's CPI for July declined by 0.3% y/y, down from 0.0% in June and just above the consensus estimate of -0.4%. This marked the first decrease in CPI since February 2021 and points to weakness in the Chinese economy, which will likely mean less demand for New Zealand exports, a negative scenario for the New Zealand dollar.
NZD/USD continues to put pressure on support at 0.6031. Below, there is support at 0.5964
0.6129 and 0.6196 are the next resistance lines
EUR/USD climbs as key US inflation gauge ticks lowerEUR/USD is trading at 1.0872 in the European session, up 0.07%. The euro is under pressure and is down close to 100 pips since Tuesday.
Inflation in the eurozone continues to fall. Eurozone CPI is expected to fall to 5.5% in June, down from 6.1% in May and a notch below the consensus of 5.6%. Headline inflation has fallen to its lowest level since January 2022.
The problem for the ECB is that Core CPI, which is a more reliable gauge of inflation trends, moved the wrong way. Core CPI ticked higher to 5.4%, up from 5.3% and below the consensus of 5.5%. These levels of core inflation are incompatible with a 2% inflation target and today's inflation report won't prevent the ECB from delivering a rate hike in July. The ECB may be forced to increase rates beyond the July meeting until there is evidence that core inflation has turned the corner and shows clear signs of deceleration in the second half of the year.
Germany's inflation report was worse, as both headline and core inflation moved higher, as expected. Headline inflation rose to 6.4% in June, up from 6.1% in May, while the core rate climbed from 5.4% to 5.8%. Inflation had fallen over six straight months and the June numbers could be an anomaly, but as ECB President Lagarde stated earlier this week, the battle against inflation isn't over yet.
US Core PCE Price Index, the Fed's favourite inflation gauge, eased lower in May. The index dipped to 4.6% y/y, down from 4.7% in April, which was also the consensus. On a monthly basis, the index fell to 0.1%, down from 0.4%. The decline in inflation hasn't had much effect on market rate pricing, with an 86% probability of a 25-bp rate hike, according to the CME FedWatch tool.
The week wraps up with UoM Consumer Sentiment, which is expected to rise to 63.9 in June, up from 59.2 in May.
EUR/USD continues to put pressure on resistance at 1.0916. This is followed by resistance at 1.0988
1.0822 and 1.0750 are providing support
USD/CAD pares gains, Canadian inflation easesThe Canadian dollar is flat on Friday, trading at 1.3258 in the European session.
Canada releases GDP for May later on Friday. The consensus stands at 0.2% m/m, which translates into 2.4% annualized, a respectable gain. If the GDP report beats the consensus, the Canadian dollar could post gains.
Canada's economy showed strength in the first quarter, with a gain of 3.1%. This was higher than expected and was one reason cited by the Bank of Canada in its surprise decision to raise rates earlier this month. I would expect that GDP growth will again be a key factor when the BoC makes its rate decision at the July 12th meeting.
The BoC, like most other major central banks, has aggressively tackled high inflation by raising interest rates. The policy appears to be working, as headline inflation eased to 3.4% in May, down sharply from 4.4% in April. The core rate, which is comprised of three indicators, fell to an average of 3.8% in May, down from 4.2% a month earlier. The drop in inflation is certainly welcome news for the central bank, but the key question is whether inflation is falling fast enough for BoC policy makers.
A third factor in the BoC's decision-making process will be employment. Canada's labour market has shown strong resilience in the face of rising interest rates, although the economy shed jobs in May, after eight straight months of gains. Another decline in new jobs could dampen the Bank's appetite for a rate hike in July.
The US is coming off solid GDP and jobless claims data on Thursday and all eyes are on the Core PCE Price Index, the Fed's favourite inflation gauge. The index is expected to remain at 4.7% y/y, which would mean that inflation remains uncomfortably high compared to the target of 2%. We'll also get a look at UoM Consumer Sentiment, which is expected to rise to 63.9 in June, up from 59.2 in May.
USD/CAD is putting pressure on resistance at 1.3254. Next, there is resistance at 1.3328
1.3175 and 1.3066 are providing support
EUR/USD - Will Lagarde shake up the euro?EUR/USD has edged lower on Wednesday. In the European session, EUR/USD is trading at 1.0939, up 0.20%.
The German GfK Consumer Sentiment report found that consumer confidence is expected to fall in July to -25.4, down from a downwardly revised -24.4 in June. The report noted that the German consumer is reluctant to spend due to economic uncertainty, and high inflation has eroded the purchasing power of households.
The consumer confidence release comes on the heels of the German Ifo Business Climate index, which fell from 91.7 to 88.5 in June. This missed expectations and marked the index's lowest level this year. The weak confidence numbers highlight a persistent lack of confidence in the German economy.
The ECB, which continues to signal that more rate hikes are coming, finds itself between a rock and a hard place. The Bank's number one priority is curbing inflation, which will require more rate hikes. However, tightening too quickly runs the risk of choking economic activity and tipping the German economy into a recession.
How far will the ECB go in raising interest rates? Investors hope to get some clues from ECB President Lagarde later today when she participates in a panel on policy at the ECB bank forum in Sintra. Lagarde said on Tuesday that eurozone inflation remains too high and reiterated that ECB policy "needs to be decided meeting by meeting and has to remain data-dependent.”
In the US, Tuesday's strong releases were further proof of a solid economy. Durable Goods Orders and New Home Sales were higher and beat expectations, and Conference Board Consumer Confidence jumped in June from 102.5 to 109.7, its highest level since January 2022. These strong releases will provide support for the hawkish Fed, which is expected to raise rates in July and again in September or October.
EUR/USD is putting pressure on support at 1.0916. Next, there is support at 1.0822
1.0988 and 1.1082 are the next resistance lines
AUD/USD drifting lower ahead of RBA minutesThe Australian dollar has started the week with losses. AUD/USD is trading at 0.6848, down 0.39%. The Australian dollar gained 1.95% last week and has soared 5.2% in the month of June.
The Reserve Bank of Australia releases the minutes of the June meeting on Tuesday. At the meeting, the Bank decided to raise rates by 0.25%, bringing the benchmark rate to 4.10%. This surprised the markets, which had expected the central bank to pause. Governor Lowe continued his hawkish stance after the decision, defending the interest rate as necessary since "upside risks to the inflation outlook have increased".
Lowe has his hands full with sticky inflation, which rose in April from 6.3% to 6.8% y/y, above the consensus of 6.4%. The core rate fell from 6.9% to 6.5%, but this is much too high for the RBA, which has a target of 2%. The RBA has projected that inflation will not fall to 2% until mid-2025, leaving little doubt that the current rate-hike cycle is not close to wrapping up. The minutes should provide insights about the rate hike and what the central bank has planned moving forward. The RBA meets next on July 4th.
The Fed is also very concerned with inflation but took a different approach, as it paused at last week's meeting after ten consecutive hikes. Fed policymakers got some good news on Friday, as UoM inflation expectations eased to 3.3% in June, down sharply from 4.2% in May and lower than the 4.1% consensus. Inflation expectations haven’t been this low since March 2021 and this is another indication that inflation is heading lower. The UoM Consumer Sentiment report climbed from 59.2 to 63.9, due to lower inflation expectations as well as the resolution of the banking crisis, according to the report.
AUD /USD tested support at 0.6836 earlier. Next, there is support at 0.6729
0.6940 and 0.7004 are the next resistance lines
GBP/USD flat as UK GDP a mixed bagGBP/USD is trading at 1.2517 in Europe, almost unchanged.
In the UK, GDP declined by 0.3% in March m/m, below the 0.1% estimate and the February reading of 0.0%. Still, the economy managed to gain 0.1% in the first quarter, unchanged from Q4 2022 and matching the estimate.
There was no surprise as the Bank of England raised rates by 25 basis points, bringing the cash rate to 4.50%, its highest since 2008. This marked the twelfth consecutive hike in the current rate-tightening cycle, underscoring the BoE's pledge to curb hot inflation. Governor Bailey said after the rate announcement that Bank would "stay the course to make sure that inflation falls all the way back to the 2% target".
Nobody is expecting that the road to 2% will be easy, with inflation currently in double digits. The BoE remains optimistic that inflation will fall rapidly during the year and will fall to 5% by the end of the year. In February, the BOE predicted 4% inflation by the end of the year. This seems like a tall order but is certainly possible if the rate hikes make themselves felt and cool the economy.
There have been constant concerns that the BoE's aggressive rate policy would lead to a recession, and six months ago, the BoE had projected a recession. Bailey reversed course yesterday, saying that the drop in energy prices and stronger economic growth meant that GDP would expand by a weak 0.25% in 2023, versus the 0.5% contraction in the previous forecast.
In the US, the economy is showing signs of cooling and high interest rates are expected to dampen the robust labour market. Unemployment claims surprised on the upside on Thursday, rising from 245,000 to 264,000, well above the estimate of 242,000. This is just one weekly report, but it's sure to raise speculation that the labour market is showing cracks.
The US wraps up the week with UoM Consumer Confidence, which is pointing to a rather sour US consumer. The indicator fell to 63.5 in April and is expected to ease to 63.0 in May. Weak consumer confidence can translate into a decrease in consumer spending, a key driver of economic growth.
GBP/USD is putting pressure on support at 1.2495. The next support level is 1.2366
1.2573 and 1.2676 are the next resistance lines
EUR/USD rebounds as German consumer confidence improvesGerman consumer confidence continued its upswing heading into May. The German GfK consumer sentiment index rose to -25.7, up from -29.3 in April and above the estimate of -27.5 points. Not exactly red-hot numbers, but the upswing has now extended over seven straight months, a clear trend that the German consumer is becoming more optimistic about economic conditions. As well, income expectations rose for a seventh straight time, the highest level since February 2022 and the main driver for the rise in consumer confidence.
German consumers were able to breathe a sigh of relief as the feared energy crunch this past winter never materialized. Energy prices remained relatively moderate and the government pitched in with subsidies that lowered energy bills for households. Still, consumer demand has been weak, dampened by the double-barreled jab of high inflation and rising interest rates. The German economy is not in great shape, with GDP expected to stagnate in 2023, and as the largest economy in the eurozone that certainly does not bode well for the rest of the bloc.
In the US, it's the opposite story, as consumer confidence slowed to a nine-month low in April. The Conference Board consumer confidence index slipped to 101.3, down from the March reading of 104.0, which was also the estimate. The survey found that the level of consumers planning to buy major household appliances in the next since months fell to a 13-year low, and that could spell big trouble for the economy, as consumer spending is a key driver of growth. Consumers have been resilient in the face of high inflation and rising rates, but that could be changing as the Fed's aggressive tightening percolates through the economy.
EUR/USD is testing resistance at 1.1023. Above, there is resistance at 1.1056
There is support at 1.0966, followed closely by at 1.0933
USD/JPY - Yen slides as Ueda says no plans for policy shiftBank of Japan Governor Ueda spoke at his first news conference as head of the central bank today. It wasn't quite a State of the Union address, but Ueda's message was clear - the current monetary policy was appropriate and he had no plans to make any major shifts.
There has been strong speculation that Ueda will make some significant moves, perhaps not right away but in the next few months. After years of battling deflation, Japan is facing inflation which has risen above the BoJ's 2% target. The US/Japan rate differential has been widening as the Fed continues to raise rates while the BoJ has capped yields on 10-year government bonds and interest rates remain negative.
The changing of the guard at the BoJ seemed to some as an opportunity for BOJ policy makers to take some steps toward normalization, such as tweaking or even removing yield curve control. Ueda poured cold water on this sentiment, stating that, “Right now, the yield curve control is considered most appropriate for the economy while tending to market functionality”. Ueda's message of "stay tuned for more of the same" has lowered expectations of a policy shift at the April 28th meeting and the yen has responded with sharp losses.
Japan's consumer confidence gave policy makers something to cheer about, rising to 33.9 in March, vs. 33.1 prior and 30.9 anticipated. This was the highest level since May 2022, although consumer confidence remains deep in negative territory, below the 50-level which separates contraction from expansion.
The week ended with a solid US employment report. The economy added 236,000 jobs last month, within expectations and softer than the upwardly revised 326,000 reading in February. The labour market is cooling but has been surprisingly resilient to relentless rate hikes and the odds of a 25-bp rate hike have increased to 68% according to the CME Group, compared to around 50% prior to the employment report release.
There is resistance at 133.74 and 135.31
132.18 and 131.67 are providing support
GBP/USD - Pound slips as PMIs dip, BoE hikes againThe British pound is down considerably on Friday and the US dollar has posted gains against the major currencies. In the European session, GBP/USD is trading at 122.13, down 0.60%.
UK releases are a mixed bag on Friday. Business activity and manufacturing weakened in March. The Services PMI eased to 52.8, down from 53.5 in February and shy of the estimate of 53.0 points. Manufacturing fell to 48.0, versus 49.3 in February and an estimate of 52.8 points. Manufacturing has declined for eight straight months, with readings below the 50.0 level which separates contraction from expansion. Business activity continues to show modest expansion and is the driver behind economic growth in the UK.
Given the weak economic landscape, it's no surprise that consumer confidence remains mired in negative territory. Double-digit inflation and high interest rates have sapped consumer optimism. In March, GfK Consumer Confidence came in at -36, as expected and a bit higher than the previous reading of -38 points. With consumers may in a sour mood, a strong retail sales report for February was that much more surprising, with a gain of 1.2%. This beat the upwardly revised January gain of 0.9% and crushed the estimate of 0.2%. Core retail sales jumped 1.5%, versus 0.9% in January, which was upwardly revised, and beat the estimate of 0.1%.
As expected the Bank of England raised rates by 25 basis points on Thursday. This marked an 11th straight hike, although the 25-bp move was the smallest increase since June. Is the BoE done with tightening? This week's disappointing acceleration in inflation has increased the odds of at least one more hike, although BoE Governor Bailey was non-committal when asked about future hikes. Like the ECB, the BoE didn't flinch from delivering an expected rate hike despite the banking crisis and I wouldn't be surprised if more hikes are in store unless inflation shows clear signs of easing.
There is resistance at 1.2324, followed by 1.2445
GBP/USD has support at 1.2253 and 1.2132
GBP/USD jumps on N. Ireland hopesThe British pound has posted sharp gains on Monday, after falling below the symbolic 1.20 level on Friday. In the European session, GBP/USD is trading at 1.2026, up 0.72%.
In the UK, the economic calendar is unusually quiet this week, with no tier-1 releases. There will be a host of BoE members speaking, including BoE member Broadbent today and Governor Bailey and Chief Economist Pill later in the week. The BoE is widely expected to raise rates by 0.25% at the March 23 meeting, which would bring the cash rate to 4.25%. The UK economy appeared to be well on its way toward a recession, and the BoE signalled at the February meeting that it was considering easing up on the pace of rate hikes due to the slowing economy.
The central bank may have to reconsider its policy after strong economic data was released last week. Services PMI climbed back into expansion territory in January, rising from 48.7 to 53.3. As well, GfK consumer confidence for February improved to -38, up from -43 a year prior. Although consumer confidence remains deep in negative territory, this was the strongest release since April 2022. The improvement in economic activity has caused the markets to fully price in 0.25% hikes in March and May, with a 33% likelihood of the cash rate rising to 5% in August.
The UK left the EU in January 2020, but the vexing problem of the Northern Ireland border has continued to create friction between London and Brussels. There are hopes that the sides will announce as early as today that progress has been made, with speculation that a deal is very close to being reached. An agreement would be a massive victory for UK Prime Minister Sunak, who has been dealing with a lackluster economy and public worker strikes.
GBP/USD is testing resistance at 1.2006. The next resistance line is 1.2082
1.1958 and 1.1864 are providing support
USD/JPY ends nasty slideUSD/JPY is in positive territory on Monday. In the North American session, USD/JPY is trading at 128.50, up 0.52%.
The yen had an excellent week, climbing over 3% and trading at levels not seen since May 2022.
The Bank of Japan holds a two-day policy meeting on Tuesday and Wednesday in what could be one of the highlights of the week. BOJ meetings were traditionally sleepy affairs that usually maintained the Bank's policy settings. That has changed and the December meeting roiled the markets after the BoJ unexpectedly widened the band around 10-year JBs to 0.50%, up from 0.25%.
The dramatic move has raised speculation that the BOJ could be planning additional policy changes at the upcoming meeting. The 0.25% cap on 10-year yields was breached on Friday and again today. The central bank has responded by buying over 2 trillion yen worth of JGBs but there is talk that the Bank could further widen the band to 0.75% or even abandon its yield curve control (YCC) policy completely. The yen has gained 14% against the US dollar since November, adding pressure on the BoJ to tighten its ultra-loose policy.
If the BOJ does scrap the YCC, it would likely be viewed by the market as similar to a rate hike, which would push the yen higher. The BOJ will also release an updated inflation forecast, which is expected to be revised upwards. Market participants should be prepared for volatility from the yen after the BOJ announcements on Wednesday.
In the US, consumer confidence gained strength in December. UoM Consumer Sentiment jumped to 64.6, beating the forecast of 60.5 and above the November reading of 59.7. Inflation expectations for 2023 decreased to 4.0%, down from 4.4%, although long-term expectations inched higher.
USD/JPY is testing resistance at 128.40. Above, there is resistance at 129.40
127.07 and 125.92 are providing support
Swissie drifting ahead of inflation releaseThe Swiss franc is showing little movement for a second straight day. In the North American session, USD/CHF is trading at 0.9993, down 0.03%.
Consumer confidence fell in the October survey to -47, down from -42 in the previous quarter. This marked a record low, as Swiss consumers have become even more pessimistic about the economic outlook. The survey found that consumers are concerned about inflation and are cautious about making large purchases. Inflation has been on the rise, but the 3.3% pace reported in September pales in comparison to the double digits we are seeing in the eurozone and the UK. The October inflation report will be released on Thursday, with a forecast of 3.2%.
The Swiss economy is going through a rough spell, and this is reflected in the KOF Economic Barometer, a useful measure of economic activity. The index decreased in October to 90.9, down from 92.3 in September. This marked the sixth successive month that the index has been below the long-term average of 100. The primary driver of the downturn was manufacturing, which has been hurt by sluggish global demand.
The Federal Reserve is virtually certain to raise rates by 0.75% at today's meeting, but what happens next is uncertain. The Fed seems to be getting close to the end of the current tightening cycle, but hopes that it will ease up on rates as early as next month could be premature, as inflation remains stubbornly high. The Fed signalled a 4.6% terminal rate in September, but the markets are currently pricing in a terminal rate of 5.0% early next year. Investors are already looking ahead to the December meeting, and they will be looking for clues from Fed Chair Powell about what he has planned in the coming months.
USD/CHF faces resistance at 1.0047 and 1.0137
There is support at 0.9944 and 0.9857
SPY and CCI Data Release I wrote a blog post Friday about the CCI data release trade potential on SPY today.
May, June & July were all negative CCI prints which saw the market move lower, with August being a slight lift but still saw a negative move as the market was expecting higher.
Todays results is slated as being another small lift to 104 but I don't think this will be enough to cause a large amount of selling.
I'm also slightly anticipating the result to be worse than 104 given recent developments fundamentally.
Pound can't find its footingGBP/USD is down sharply today and has fallen below the 1.11 level for the first time since 1985. In the European session, GBP/USD is trading at 1.1125, down 1.16%.
The British pound can't seem to find any love. GBP/USD is looking dreadful, down 2.1% this week and 3.8% in September. The currency hasn't sunk to such levels since 1985 and the strong US dollar could extend the pound's current downtrend.
The markets are focused on today's mini-budget and UK releases. In the mini-budget, Chancellor Kwasi Kwarteng announced tax cuts and more spending. With no funding for the tax cuts and increased borrowing, gilt yields have jumped, but that has failed to boost the pound.
UK releases reiterated that the economy is in trouble, for anyone who needed reminding. GfK Consumer Confidence, which has been in a deep freeze, fell to -49, down from -44 and missing the forecast of -42 points. Manufacturing PMI rose to 48.5, up from 47.3 and above the estimate of 47.5, but remained in contraction territory for a second straight month. Services PMI slowed to 49.2, down from 50.9 and shy of the estimate of 50.0. With both manufacturing and services in decline, the outlook for the UK economy remains grim.
The Bank of England raised rates by 0.50% on Thursday. The pound did post some gains but couldn't hold on and closed the day almost unchanged. The move brings the cash rate to 2.25%, its highest since 2008. Still, it's fair to say that the 0.50% underwhelmed the markets, as there were some expectations for a more forceful hike of 0.75%. The BoE has been playing catch-up with inflation, which is running at 9.9% clip. The new Truss government has taken dramatic action to cap energy bills, which should help to curb soaring inflation. With the economy posting two consecutive quarters of negative growth and inflation still not under control, a recession appears unavoidable, which will likely add to the British pound's misery.
GBP/USD is testing support at 1.1117. Below, there is support at 1.1038
There is resistance at 1.1269 and 1.1342
BOE delivers 50bp hike, sterling steadyAs expected, the Bank of England hiked interest rates by 0.50%, bringing the cash rate to 2.25%. There was an outside chance that the BoE would press the rate pedal to the floor and deliver a 0.75% increase, but in the end, members decided unanimously on a less aggressive hike. The central bank is grappling with 9.9% inflation and a falling British pound, which means that more large hikes are likely coming. The British pound has edged higher and is trading at 1.1287.
With the rate decision out of the way, the markets will focus on UK releases, which are expected to be soft. Later today, GfK Consumer Confidence, which has been in a deep freeze, is projected to tick up to -42, up from -44. The week wraps up with Manufacturing and Services PMIs on Friday. Manufacturing PMI is expected to rise to 47.5, up from 47.3, while Services PMI is projected to slow to 50.0, down from 50.9.
The Federal Reserve delivered a third straight hike of 0.75% on Wednesday, raising the benchmark rate to 3.25%. This was largely expected, although there was a possibility that the hawkish Fed might raise rates by a full point. The Fed's decision was a "hawkish 0.75% hike", which gave the US dollar a significant boost, as GBP/USD plunged 1.01% on Wednesday and closed below the 1.13 line.
The Fed sent a clear message that it plans to remain aggressive, as inflation has proven much more persistent than anticipated. August inflation fell from 8.5% to 8.3%, but this was higher than the forecast of 8.1% and only reinforced the Fed's hawkish stance. Fed Chair Powell left the door wide open for yet another 0.75% increase in November, and unless inflation shows a dramatic drop, December is likely to bring a hike of 0.50% or 0.75%. With the benchmark rate now above the neutral rate of 2.50%, additional hikes will likely lead to a recession, but this is a price the Fed is willing to pay in order to curb red-hot inflation.
GBP/USD is testing resistance at 1.1269. Next, there is resistance at 1.1384
There is support at 1.1144 and 1.1061
USD/JPY stabilizes after hitting 139The Japanese yen is in positive territory today after starting the week with sharp losses. USD/JPY is trading at 138.22, down 0.34%.
Japan releases a host of events on Wednesday, including retail sales and consumer confidence. Retail sales for July is expected to come in at -0.5% MoM, following a 1.4% decline in June. Consumer confidence remains weak, with a July estimate of 31.0, following the June read of 30.2. Japanese consumers are in a sour mood and nervous about the economy, and it's no surprise that they are holding tight to the purse strings as inflation continues to rise.
The yen remains under pressure and took it on the chin after Fed Chair Powell's speech at Jackson Hole on Friday. Powell's brief speech went straight to the point, pledging to continue raising rates until inflation was brought under control. Powell pointedly said that one or two weak inflation reports would not cause the Fed to U-turn on its tightening, a veiled reference to the market euphoria which followed the July inflation report, which was lower than the June release. With the equity markets taking a tumble after Powell's speech, it appears that investors have finally gotten the Fed's hawkish message.
Powell's speech removed any doubts about the Fed's plans to continue raising rates, but the size of the increases will depend not just on inflation, but also on other economic data. Overshadowed by Jackson Hole, US Personal Income and Spending data was weaker than expected. As well, the Core PCE index, the Fed's preferred inflation indicator, fell to 6.3%, down from 6.8% and below the forecast of 7.4%. If Friday's non-farm payrolls report is weaker than expected, it would be a clear indication that the sharp increase in rates is having its desired effect and the economy is slowing. In such a scenario, Fed policy makers may be more inclined to raise rates at the September meeting by only 50 basis points, rather than 75bp.
USD/JPY is testing support at 1.3822. The next support line is at 137.01
1.3891 and 1.4012 are resistance lines
Not a silver lining.Silver is special as it is both an industrial and precious metal. So, let’s look at Silver from both points of view to identify what seems to be dimming the shine on this metal.
As a precious metal, we can compare silver with the dollar and yield as both affect the demand for precious metals. Dollar and silver are generally negatively correlated, with a stronger dollar leading to weaker silver. In the chart below, we see this relationship at play until the start of February 2022, when it started to weaken. It seems the effect of a rapidly strengthening dollar has not been reflected in the prices of silver and we expect this gap to close, resulting in lower silver prices.
The 10-year yield also provides us with a reference to understand where silver might trade at. A high yield environment is often considered headwind for precious metals as investors prefer holding yield-generating assets in such periods. In the chart below, we see can observe the roughly negative relationship between yields and silver, with periods of lower rates showing higher silver prices and vice versa.
With the Federal Reserve indicating that they are still not done with the rate hikes to combat inflation, silver might take a dent in upcoming rate hikes.
Secondly, we can look at business and consumer confidence to gauge the potential demand for silver as an industrial metal. Generally, higher business and consumer confidence indicate expansionary periods, which translate to higher demand for industrial metals. With the University of Michigan consumer confidence index at a low and United States Business Confidence Index turning lower, such negative outlook will slow demand for silver as a form of industrial metal, potentially adding resistance to prices.
On the technical front, silver is sitting right on the 19-dollar level, which has acted as a key support & resistance level over the past 10 years. An attempt to breach this level a few weeks ago was rejected and prices are now back to retest this support. On a shorter timeframe, we also see silver in a descending channel pattern indicating a downwards continuation pattern.
With the dollar strengthening, higher yields, and downbeat business and consumer confidence, the macro backdrop for silver does not look rosy. Overlaying that with the bearish technical price action, we think Silver is likely to struggle.
Entry at 18.960, stops at 20.160. Targets at 16.620.
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Disclaimer:
The contents in this Idea are intended for information purpose only and do not constitute investment recommendation or advice. Nor are they used to promote any specific products or services. They serve as an integral part of a case study to demonstrate fundamental concepts in risk management under given market scenarios.
Euro slides on Nordstrom squeezeThe euro has taken a nasty tumble today. In the North American session, EUR/USD is trading at 1.0144, down 0.76%.
The energy crisis surrounding Nord Stream 1, a key channel for Russian gas exports to Europe continues to simmer. Perhaps the pipeline should be referred to as 'Nord Brook 1', after Gazprom, the Russian energy giant, warned it will cut flows through the pipeline to just 20% of capacity starting Wednesday, claiming "technical issues". The EU has charged that the move is politically motivated, but Vladimir Putin is holding the better hand of cards and has no compunction about weaponising energy exports to the West.
The EU has scrambled to scale back its energy dependence on Moscow and announced today that member states had agreed on a voluntary reduction of 15% in natural gas imports. The deal was reached at lightning speed, reflecting the tremendous apprehension in Brussels about an energy crisis this winter. Still, the agreement has apparently been watered down, with exemptions for members that are not directly linked to EU gas pipelines and are completely dependent on Russia. The latest squeeze on Nord Stream 1 has unnerved investors and sent the euro sharply lower.
With the war in Ukraine dragging on and a potential energy crisis looming, it's no surprise that German confidence indicators are under pressure. Ifo Business Sentiment slipped to 88.6 in June, down from 92.2 in May. The soft reading was accompanied by a warning from the Ifo Institute, which warned of a looming recession in Germany, due to soaring energy prices and the possibility of a gas shortage in Europe's largest economy. On Wednesday, Germany releases GfK Consumer Climate, which is expected to fall to -28.9 in August, down from -27.4 in July. The index has been steadily weakening and has been mired in negative territory since October 2021.
All eyes will be on the Federal Reserve on Wednesday, with a live meeting that will include a supersize rate hike. The markets are expecting a 75bp increase for a second straight meeting, but a massive 100bp hike cannot be ruled out. A 75bp move could be met with a yawn by the US dollar, while a 100bp increase would be a surprise and likely boost the greenback.
EUR/USD continues to test support at 1.0191. The next support level is 1.0105
There is resistance at 1.0304 and 1.0390
Australian dollar rises, RBA minutes nextThe Australian dollar has started the trading week with strong gains, extending the upswing from Friday. AUD/USD is trading at 0.6835, up 0.62% on the day.
Market risk sentiment has strengthened, courtesy of better-than-expected data out of the US on Friday. Headline retail sales and core retail sales both posted a gain of 1.0% MoM in June, above the forecast and an improvement from the May numbers. As well, UoM Consumer Sentiment improved slightly to 51.0, above the consensus for a contraction at 49.0. This has boosted the Australian dollar, a bellwether of risk appetite.
The financial markets were pleased with US retail sales, which points to consumers' willing to spend despite the bite that higher inflation is taking out of disposable incomes. At the same time, strong consumer spending paves the way for a massive 100bp hike from the Federal Reserve next week, as strong US data indicates that the economy is strong enough to withstand higher rates. There is a pre-meeting blackout of the FOMC ahead of next Thursday's meeting, but we can still expect plenty of discussion about whether the Fed will deliver a 75 bp or 100 bp increase. The more likely scenario is a 75bp move, but the Fed has surprised before, and a 100bp move is certainly on the table.
The RBA is also in the midst of a rate-tightening cycle, but the cash rate is only at 1.35%, which won't make a significant dent on surging inflation. The central bank is likely to continue tightening throughout the remainder of 2022. The minutes from the July meeting will be released on Tuesday, and investors will be looking for clues as to how aggressive the RBA plans to be as it tries to balance hiking rates without choking economic activity and causing a recession.
There is resistance at 0.6871 and 0.6949
0.6776 is providing support, followed by 0.6698
Consumer Sentiment's Role in Long-Term Buying Opportunities Consumer Sentiment is just one tool for investors to use when choosing whether to buy, sell, add, or trim stocks. But it can be a very useful tool, especially when markets are heavily skewed in one direction as they appear to be today.
There have only been four (the three breaches during the 08 crisis I count as one) occurrences in the past when the U.S. consumer sentiment has dipped below the 57.40 mark. As we are currently quickly approaching 57.40 I have taken the liberty to map out the five-year returns of each of the four previous lows in consumer sentiment (assuming a buy-in during the month of the 57.40 breaches).
11/1974: 43.6% five-year return
04/1980: 76.02% five-year return
06/2008: 16.31% five-year return
11/2008: 81.33% five-year return
02/2009: 116.35% five year return
08/2011: 58.77% five-year return
Average nominal five-year return on the S&P500 since 1957: roughly 53%
Importance of these data? The takeaway here is that historically low consumer sentiment (sub 57.40) has in the past provided great opportunities for patient investors to enter long-term positions in stocks and yield abnormally high returns. Basing an investment decision on one economic metric is not an intelligent strategy, but using consumer sentiment to help time your buying position appears to be an effective method going off of historic price action.
Sterling rises despite weak UK dataThe pound has edged higher today, shrugging off soft UK releases. Retail sales for May fell 0.5%, and declined 4.7% YoY, below the estimate of -4.5% (-5.7% prior). It was a similar story for core retail sales, which came in at -5.7% YoY, worse than the forecast of -5.1% (-6.1% prior).
The sharp declines in consumer spending should not come as a surprise, given the inflation squeeze which continues to drag down the UK economy. Consumer confidence numbers remain in deep-freeze, as GfK consumer confidence for May notched lower to -41 in June, down from -40 in May. The continuing rise in the cost of living has become a crisis for UK households, and the predictable result has been weaker consumer confidence and spending.
Inflation in the UK shows no signs of peaking, as headline CPI rose to 9.1% in May, up a notch from 9.0% in April. Inflation expectations are rising, and this week's major rail strike could be an initial response from organized labour, which will not be satisfied with 3% wage hikes when inflation is closing in on double digits. The BoE hasn't had succeeded in curbing inflation and expects inflation to top 11% later this year before finally easing. Unlike the Federal Reserve, the BoE has been reluctant to aggressively raise rates, with the BoE's most recent hike of 0.25% paling in comparison to the Fed's salvo of 0.75%.
Fed Chair Powell's appearance on Capitol Hill this week was keenly watched by nervous markets. Powell didn't hold back any punches, acknowledging that a recession was "certainly a possibility", adding that a soft landing would be "very challenging". Powell mentioned the usual suspects beyond the Fed's control, namely, high commodity prices, supply chain issues and the Ukraine war. The Fed has not ruled out further 0.75% hikes, which will help curb inflation but could tip the economy into a recession.
1.2187 is providing support, followed by 1.1969
GBP/USD continues to test resistance at 1.2283. Above, there is resistance at 1.2441
NZ dollar slides as risk sentiment fallsThe New Zealand dollar is sharply lower on Tuesday. NZD/USD is trading at 0.6261, down 1.14% on the day.
New Zealand data has been mixed this week. BusinessNZ Services Index rose to 55.2 in May, up from 52.2 in April. This points to stronger expansion in the services area. However, Westpac Consumer Confidence plunged to 78.7 in May, its lowest level ever recorded. This was down from 92.1 in April. Consumers are very unhappy about the cost of living crisis and the survey found that consumers are scaling back on leisure activities, such as dining at restaurants. The double blow of higher mortgage rates and increases in living expenses has taken a large chunk of disposable income. If this results in a decrease in consumer spending, it could lead to a downturn in economic growth.
Consumer angst could have a major effect on the Reserve Bank's policy. If consumer demand sinks, the central bank may have to ease off on the size of future rate hikes. The RBNZ has been tightening aggressively and the cash rate, which is currently at 2%, is expected to rise to 3% by the end of August and possibly to 4% in 12 months' time. The RBNZ is in a fierce battle with inflation and if demand falls, inflation could peak and allow the central bank to ease up on its tightening cycle. The Bank is also monitoring inflation expectations, with policy makers keen to ensure that expectations don't become unanchored.
With no US releases today, Fed Chair Powell's semi-annual appearance on Capitol Hill will take over center stage. Powell will brief lawmakers today and tomorrow, and anxious investors will be on the lookout for clues on where monetary policy is headed. Will Powell signal that he plans to ease on tightening? Powell's testimony could have a strong impact on the financial markets and should be treated as a market-mover for the US dollar.
NZD/USD tested support at 0.6302 earlier. Below, there is support at 0.6209
There is resistance at 0.6408