MultiLayer Acceleration/Deceleration Strategy [Skyrexio]Overview
MultiLayer Acceleration/Deceleration Strategy leverages the combination of Acceleration/Deceleration Indicator(AC), Williams Alligator, Williams Fractals and Exponential Moving Average (EMA) to obtain the high probability long setups. Moreover, strategy uses multi trades system, adding funds to long position if it considered that current trend has likely became stronger. Acceleration/Deceleration Indicator is used for creating signals, while Alligator and Fractal are used in conjunction as an approximation of short-term trend to filter them. At the same time EMA (default EMA's period = 100) is used as high probability long-term trend filter to open long trades only if it considers current price action as an uptrend. More information in "Methodology" and "Justification of Methodology" paragraphs. The strategy opens only long trades.
Unique Features
No fixed stop-loss and take profit: Instead of fixed stop-loss level strategy utilizes technical condition obtained by Fractals and Alligator to identify when current uptrend is likely to be over (more information in "Methodology" and "Justification of Methodology" paragraphs)
Configurable Trading Periods: Users can tailor the strategy to specific market windows, adapting to different market conditions.
Multilayer trades opening system: strategy uses only 10% of capital in every trade and open up to 5 trades at the same time if script consider current trend as strong one.
Short and long term trend trade filters: strategy uses EMA as high probability long-term trend filter and Alligator and Fractal combination as a short-term one.
Methodology
The strategy opens long trade when the following price met the conditions:
1. Price closed above EMA (by default, period = 100). Crossover is not obligatory.
2. Combination of Alligator and Williams Fractals shall consider current trend as an upward (all details in "Justification of Methodology" paragraph)
3. Acceleration/Deceleration shall create one of two types of long signals (all details in "Justification of Methodology" paragraph). Buy stop order is placed one tick above the candle's high of last created long signal.
4. If price reaches the order price, long position is opened with 10% of capital.
5. If currently we have opened position and price creates and hit the order price of another one long signal, another one long position will be added to the previous with another one 10% of capital. Strategy allows to open up to 5 long trades simultaneously.
6. If combination of Alligator and Williams Fractals shall consider current trend has been changed from up to downtrend, all long trades will be closed, no matter how many trades has been opened.
Script also has additional visuals. If second long trade has been opened simultaneously the Alligator's teeth line is plotted with the green color. Also for every trade in a row from 2 to 5 the label "Buy More" is also plotted just below the teeth line. With every next simultaneously opened trade the green color of the space between teeth and price became less transparent.
Strategy settings
In the inputs window user can setup strategy setting: EMA Length (by default = 100, period of EMA, used for long-term trend filtering EMA calculation). User can choose the optimal parameters during backtesting on certain price chart.
Justification of Methodology
Let's explore the key concepts of this strategy and understand how they work together. We'll begin with the simplest: the EMA.
The Exponential Moving Average (EMA) is a type of moving average that assigns greater weight to recent price data, making it more responsive to current market changes compared to the Simple Moving Average (SMA). This tool is widely used in technical analysis to identify trends and generate buy or sell signals. The EMA is calculated as follows:
1.Calculate the Smoothing Multiplier:
Multiplier = 2 / (n + 1), Where n is the number of periods.
2. EMA Calculation
EMA = (Current Price) × Multiplier + (Previous EMA) × (1 − Multiplier)
In this strategy, the EMA acts as a long-term trend filter. For instance, long trades are considered only when the price closes above the EMA (default: 100-period). This increases the likelihood of entering trades aligned with the prevailing trend.
Next, let’s discuss the short-term trend filter, which combines the Williams Alligator and Williams Fractals. Williams Alligator
Developed by Bill Williams, the Alligator is a technical indicator that identifies trends and potential market reversals. It consists of three smoothed moving averages:
Jaw (Blue Line): The slowest of the three, based on a 13-period smoothed moving average shifted 8 bars ahead.
Teeth (Red Line): The medium-speed line, derived from an 8-period smoothed moving average shifted 5 bars forward.
Lips (Green Line): The fastest line, calculated using a 5-period smoothed moving average shifted 3 bars forward.
When the lines diverge and align in order, the "Alligator" is "awake," signaling a strong trend. When the lines overlap or intertwine, the "Alligator" is "asleep," indicating a range-bound or sideways market. This indicator helps traders determine when to enter or avoid trades.
Fractals, another tool by Bill Williams, help identify potential reversal points on a price chart. A fractal forms over at least five consecutive bars, with the middle bar showing either:
Up Fractal: Occurs when the middle bar has a higher high than the two preceding and two following bars, suggesting a potential downward reversal.
Down Fractal: Happens when the middle bar shows a lower low than the surrounding two bars, hinting at a possible upward reversal.
Traders often use fractals alongside other indicators to confirm trends or reversals, enhancing decision-making accuracy.
How do these tools work together in this strategy? Let’s consider an example of an uptrend.
When the price breaks above an up fractal, it signals a potential bullish trend. This occurs because the up fractal represents a shift in market behavior, where a temporary high was formed due to selling pressure. If the price revisits this level and breaks through, it suggests the market sentiment has turned bullish.
The breakout must occur above the Alligator’s teeth line to confirm the trend. A breakout below the teeth is considered invalid, and the downtrend might still persist. Conversely, in a downtrend, the same logic applies with down fractals.
In this strategy if the most recent up fractal breakout occurs above the Alligator's teeth and follows the last down fractal breakout below the teeth, the algorithm identifies an uptrend. Long trades can be opened during this phase if a signal aligns. If the price breaks a down fractal below the teeth line during an uptrend, the strategy assumes the uptrend has ended and closes all open long trades.
By combining the EMA as a long-term trend filter with the Alligator and fractals as short-term filters, this approach increases the likelihood of opening profitable trades while staying aligned with market dynamics.
Now let's talk about Acceleration/Deceleration signals. AC indicator is calculated using the Awesome Oscillator, so let's first of all briefly explain what is Awesome Oscillator and how it can be calculated. The Awesome Oscillator (AO), developed by Bill Williams, is a momentum indicator designed to measure market momentum by contrasting recent price movements with a longer-term historical perspective. It helps traders detect potential trend reversals and assess the strength of ongoing trends.
The formula for AO is as follows:
AO = SMA5(Median Price) − SMA34(Median Price)
where:
Median Price = (High + Low) / 2
SMA5 = 5-period Simple Moving Average of the Median Price
SMA 34 = 34-period Simple Moving Average of the Median Price
The Acceleration/Deceleration (AC) Indicator, introduced by Bill Williams, measures the rate of change in market momentum. It highlights shifts in the driving force of price movements and helps traders spot early signs of trend changes. The AC Indicator is particularly useful for identifying whether the current momentum is accelerating or decelerating, which can indicate potential reversals or continuations. For AC calculation we shall use the AO calculated above is the following formula:
AC = AO − SMA5(AO), where SMA5(AO)is the 5-period Simple Moving Average of the Awesome Oscillator
When the AC is above the zero line and rising, it suggests accelerating upward momentum.
When the AC is below the zero line and falling, it indicates accelerating downward momentum.
When the AC is below zero line and rising it suggests the decelerating the downtrend momentum. When AC is above the zero line and falling, it suggests the decelerating the uptrend momentum.
Now we can explain which AC signal types are used in this strategy. The first type of long signal is when AC value is below zero line. In this cases we need to see three rising bars on the histogram in a row after the falling one. The second type of signals occurs above the zero line. There we need only two rising AC bars in a row after the falling one to create the signal. The signal bar is the last green bar in this sequence. The strategy places the buy stop order one tick above the candle's high, which corresponds to the signal bar on AC indicator.
After that we can have the following scenarios:
Price hit the order on the next candle in this case strategy opened long with this price.
Price doesn't hit the order price, the next candle set lower high. If current AC bar is increasing buy stop order changes by the script to the high of this new bar plus one tick. This procedure repeats until price finally hit buy order or current AC bar become decreasing. In the second case buy order cancelled and strategy wait for the next AC signal.
If long trades are initiated, the strategy continues utilizing subsequent signals until the total number of trades reaches a maximum of 5. All open trades are closed when the trend shifts to a downtrend, as determined by the combination of the Alligator and Fractals described earlier.
Why we use AC signals? If currently strategy algorithm considers the high probability of the short-term uptrend with the Alligator and Fractals combination pointed out above and the long-term trend is also suggested by the EMA filter as bullish. Rising AC bars after period of falling AC bars indicates the high probability of local pull back end and there is a high chance to open long trade in the direction of the most likely main uptrend. The numbers of rising bars are different for the different AC values (below or above zero line). This is needed because if AC below zero line the local downtrend is likely to be stronger and needs more rising bars to confirm that it has been changed than if AC is above zero.
Why strategy use only 10% per signal? Sometimes we can see the false signals which appears on sideways. Not risking that much script use only 10% per signal. If the first long trade has been open and price continue going up and our trend approximation by Alligator and Fractals is uptrend, strategy add another one 10% of capital to every next AC signal while number of active trades no more than 5. This capital allocation allows to take part in long trades when current uptrend is likely to be strong and use only 10% of capital when there is a high probability of sideways.
Backtest Results
Operating window: Date range of backtests is 2023.01.01 - 2024.11.01. It is chosen to let the strategy to close all opened positions.
Commission and Slippage: Includes a standard Binance commission of 0.1% and accounts for possible slippage over 5 ticks.
Initial capital: 10000 USDT
Percent of capital used in every trade: 10%
Maximum Single Position Loss: -5.15%
Maximum Single Profit: +24.57%
Net Profit: +2108.85 USDT (+21.09%)
Total Trades: 111 (36.94% win rate)
Profit Factor: 2.391
Maximum Accumulated Loss: 367.61 USDT (-2.97%)
Average Profit per Trade: 19.00 USDT (+1.78%)
Average Trade Duration: 75 hours
How to Use
Add the script to favorites for easy access.
Apply to the desired timeframe and chart (optimal performance observed on 3h BTC/USDT).
Configure settings using the dropdown choice list in the built-in menu.
Set up alerts to automate strategy positions through web hook with the text: {{strategy.order.alert_message}}
Disclaimer:
Educational and informational tool reflecting Skyrex commitment to informed trading. Past performance does not guarantee future results. Test strategies in a simulated environment before live implementation
These results are obtained with realistic parameters representing trading conditions observed at major exchanges such as Binance and with realistic trading portfolio usage parameters.
Acceleration
Momentum TrackerTo screen for momentum movers, one can filter for stocks that have made a noticeable move over a set period—this initial move defines the momentum or swing move. From this list of candidates, we can create a watchlist by selecting those showing a momentum pause, such as a pullback or consolidation, which later could set up for a continuation.
This Momentum Tracker Indicator serves as a study tool to visualize when stocks historically met these momentum conditions. It marks on the chart where a stock would have appeared on the screener, allowing us to review past momentum patterns and screener requirements.
Indicator Calculation
Bullish Momentum: Price is above the lowest point within the lookback period by the specified threshold percentage.
Bearish Momentum: Price is below the highest point within the lookback period by the specified threshold percentage.
The tool is customizable in terms of lookback period and percentage threshold to accommodate different trading styles and timeframes, allowing us to set criteria that align with specific hold times and momentum requirements.
Velocity and Acceleration SignalsThe "Velocity and Acceleration Signals" indicator is a versatile tool designed to provide traders with valuable insights into price momentum and acceleration. By harnessing the power of mathematics and visualization, this indicator helps traders make informed decisions in the fast-paced world of financial markets.
Crunching the Numbers: How It Works
At its core, the indicator relies on two key concepts: velocity and acceleration. Here's how it operates:
-- Velocity Calculation : The indicator takes a step back in time, considering a user-defined historical period (typically around 14 bars). It calculates the velocity of price movements during this period. Velocity represents the speed at which an asset's price is changing and is derived by examining how much the price has moved between bars. Specifically, it computes the rate of change in price over time.
-- Acceleration Calculation : Building upon velocity, the indicator goes one step further and calculates acceleration. Acceleration signifies how quickly the velocity is changing. It quantifies whether the price is speeding up or slowing down in its ascent or descent.
-- Smoothing with EMA : To enhance clarity and reduce noise, the indicator smooths the velocity using an Exponential Moving Average (EMA) with a user-defined length. This smoothed velocity provides a more comprehensive view of the price momentum trend.
Visualizing Market Dynamics
The indicator doesn't just crunch numbers; it also paints a vivid picture of market sentiment:
-- Coloration : The indicator employs a color scheme to visualize market conditions. It uses lime for positive acceleration and fuchsia for negative acceleration. The color green represents positive smoothed velocity, while red denotes negative smoothed velocity. A gray hue signals a neutral or transitional phase.
-- Plotting Velocity and Acceleration : The indicator provides visual representations of both smoothed velocity and acceleration. Smoothed velocity is depicted as columns, with green or red coloring indicating the direction. Acceleration is displayed as a histogram, with lime or fuchsia bars showcasing bullish or bearish momentum. A gray zero line offers a reference point for changes in momentum direction.
-- Strong Up and Strong Down Conditions : For traders seeking distinctive signals, the indicator identifies "Strong Up" and "Strong Down" conditions. A "Strong Up" occurs when smoothed velocity crosses above a user-defined threshold, coupled with positive acceleration. Conversely, a "Strong Down" emerges when smoothed velocity crosses below another threshold, accompanied by negative acceleration. These conditions are marked with prominent triangular shapes.
Unlocking Trading Potential
Now, let's explore how traders can leverage the indicator:
-- Trend Confirmation : Traders can use this indicator to validate the prevailing market trend. A robust smoothed velocity, combined with acceleration in the same direction, can confirm the current trend.
-- Contrarian Signals : Extreme conditions signaled by a strong crossover or crossunder of the smoothed velocity threshold, along with appropriate acceleration, can hint at potential trend reversals.
-- Divergence Analysis : Savvy traders can employ this indicator to identify divergences between price movements and momentum. If the price exhibits higher highs while the indicator shows lower highs (or vice versa), it may signify a weakening or strengthening trend.
Navigating Limitations
As with any trading tool, it's essential to acknowledge the indicator's limitations:
-- Lookback Period : The indicator's effectiveness may vary based on the chosen historical period. Longer periods smooth out fluctuations but may lag in capturing recent changes in sentiment.
-- Threshold Sensitivity : Interpreting threshold crossovers or crossunders can be subjective. Traders should carefully fine-tune these threshold values based on their trading strategy and market conditions.
-- Context Matters : The indicator focuses solely on velocity and acceleration signals and does not incorporate other critical factors such as trading volume, market news, or fundamental analysis. Therefore, traders should use it in conjunction with additional indicators and analysis techniques.
While the primary focus is on trend and momentum analysis, this indicator indirectly provides information about volatility as well. Rapid changes in velocity and acceleration can indicate increasing volatility in the market, which may be of interest to traders looking for opportunities during volatile conditions.
However, this indicator doesn't directly measure volume. To incorporate volume analysis into your trading strategy, you may want to combine this indicator with volume-based indicators or consider other tools specifically designed for volume analysis.
In conclusion, this indicator is a valuable ally for traders looking to decode market dynamics and make data-driven trading decisions. While it offers powerful insights, it's crucial to recognize its limitations and deploy it as part of a comprehensive trading strategy.
Velocity Acceleration Convergence Divergence Indicator [CC]I created the Velocity Acceleration Convergence Divergence Indicator, and it is quite a mouthful if I do say so. I based this script on my two previous scripts: Velocity Indicator and Velocity Acceleration Indicator . This acts like a typical MACD but is much faster with the responses. This indicator is created by finding the difference between the Velocity Indicator and Velocity Acceleration Indicator to determine the overall trend strength of the underlying stock. Like the other scripts, I coded the general buy and sell signals the same, so you would want to buy when the indicator crosses over above the zero midline and sell when it crosses below the zero midline. I have also used the same colors, so darker colors for strong signals and lighter colors for normal signals.
Please let me know if you would like me to publish another script or if you want something custom done!
Velocity Acceleration Indicator [CC]The Velocity Acceleration Indicator was created by Scott Cong (Stocks and Commodities Sep 2023, pgs 8-15). This is another personal variation of his formula designed to capture the overall velocity acceleration of the underlying stock by applying the velocity formula to the original indicator to find the acceleration of the underlying velocity. I changed a few things around and managed actually to get less lag and quicker signals for this version, so make sure you compare the Velocity Indicator script that I published yesterday. This indicator is also visually similar to a typical stochastic indicator but uses a different underlying calculation. This works well as a momentum indicator, and the values are completely unbounded, so the best ways to determine bullish or bearish trends is either by using a crossover or crossunder between the indicator and the midline or to buy or sell the indicator when it reaches a high or low point and starts to fall or rise respectively. I used the zero line for my default version to help determine the bullish or bearish trends. I have also included multiple colors to differentiate between very strong signals and normal signals, so very strong signals are darker in color, and normal signals use lighter colors. Buy when the line turns green and sell when it turns red.
Let me know if there are any other indicators or scripts you would like to see me publish! I will have some more new scripts in the next week or so.
Price Acceleration Indicator (PAI)I have designed a "Price Acceleration" Indicator (PAI). It tracks the second derivative in price movements. This is different from ROC as that one measures Price Velocity rather than Acceleration. This Indicator should give you an idea of when the steam has come out of a move, or when one is getting started. For example, if RSI is reaching overbought, and PAI is Negative, that means the move is slowing down and likely to give in to the opposite direction soon.
Acceleration-Based MA Slope PredictionHello traders,
I developed this indicator while working on a trading strategy using moving average slope and acceleration, and I found the concept interesting enough to share it.
Let me briefly explain this indicator.
----About White Plot----
1. Calculate the first derivative approximation at the current point of the Moving Average, and then calculate the second derivative approximation to obtain the 'Acceleration'.
2. Where the acceleration is 0, it signifies a change in the force of the moving average.
3. Therefore, by drawing a parabola based on the acceleration at that time, can depict the parabolic shape of the moving average.
This is represented as a white circle on the indicator.
4. These circles are reset at the next point where the acceleration is 0, indicating a change in the parabolic force.
If the moving average rises more sharply than the predicted value of the rising parabola, a more drastic increase is expected.
5. In this case, you can start risk management around the time the drawn parabola breaks.
(The actual MA is represented by green/red lines)
6. Before the trend changes, i.e., before the direction of the moving average changes, there is a section where the acceleration is 0, and this is represented on the chart as follows.
(The lower indicator shows the acceleration of the corresponding parabola)
----About Red Plot----
1. Calculate the first derivative approximation of the moving average value, the 'slope'.
2. Where the slope is 0, it represents the extreme point of the parabola.
3. Therefore, by using the acceleration at that point as the coefficient of the quadratic function and setting the extreme point as a vertex, we can draw a quadratic function. This is represented as a red circle on the indicator.
(Keep in mind that the actual moving average is not a quadratic function; this is a "forced" quadratic function assuming the parabola is maintained)
4. These circles are reset at the next extreme point where the slope is 0, and a new quadratic function is created.
Based on the formula obtained in the above process, you can predict the future moving average through 'offset'.
5. That is, if the x value at the current point is 'k', you can predict the moving average one candle ahead by substituting (k+1) into the quadratic function.
The predicted value at the past position is shown as a red circle.
6. The smoother the chosen moving average, the fewer extreme points will appear, and the higher the likelihood of the parabola fitting.
For the T3 set as the default value, it shows very high accuracy even when predicting about 20 candles ahead.
On the other hand, rough moving averages like SMA have limited prediction value.
(SMA 60, offset = 10)
--------
The moving average with a very high level of accuracy is JMA (Jurik Moving Average). However, since the code for this moving average is not public, I recommend those interested to check it through my code.
Additionally, I believe the code of this indicator I've uploaded has significant utility.
As an example, you can use the breaking point of the parabola predicted by the acceleration to determine when the force changes again for entries/losses. There are many other possible applications as well.
I look forward to seeing more excellent results from this indicator.
--------
안녕하세요 트레이더여러분.
이 지표는, 제가 이동평균선의 기울기와 가속도를 이용하여 매매를 하기 위한 지표를 개발하다가, 흥미로운 내용이라고 판단하여 만들게 되었습니다.
이 지표에 대해 간단히 설명드리겠습니다.
----하얀색 플롯에 대해----
1. 이동평균선이 진행되는 현재 시점에서 미분의 근사값을 구하고, 다시 한 번 미분의 근사값을 구해서 '가속도'를 얻습니다.
2. 가속도가 0이 되는 곳은, 곧 해당 이동평균선의 힘이 바뀌는 곳을 의미합니다.
3. 따라서, 그 당시 시점 기준으로 포물선을 그려낸다면, 가속도를 이용하여 해당 이동평균선의 포물선을 그려낼 수 있습니다. 이것은 지표의 하얀색점로서 표기됩니다.
4. 이 때, 이러한 점들은 다음의 가속도가 0이 되는 지점, 즉 포물선의 힘이 바뀌는 곳에서 다시 초기화됩니다.
5. 올라가고 있던 포물선에서의 예측치보다 이동평균선이 더 급하게 올라간다면, 더욱 급격한 상승이 예상됩니다. 이 경우, 그려지고있는 포물선이 깨질 때쯤부터 리스크 관리를 시작할 수 있습니다.
(녹색/빨간색의 선으로 실제 MA를 표현했습니다. 거슬리시면 '모습'가셔서 끄셔도 좋습니다. )
6. 추세가 변경되기 전, 즉 이동평균선의 방향이 바뀌기 전에는 가속도가 0이 되는 구간이 존재하고, 그것이 차트 위에 다음과같이 표현됩니다.
(하단의 지표는, 해당 포물선의 가속도을 나타냅니다)
----붉은색 플롯에 대해----
1. 이동평균선 값을 미분 근사값 즉, '기울기'를 구합니다.
2. 기울기가 0이 되는 곳은, 포물선이 극점이 되는 곳을 뜻합니다.
3. 따라서, 해당 시점의 가속도를 2차함수의 계수로 하여, 또한 해당 극점을 하나의 꼭지점으로 설정하여,이차함수를 그려낼 수 있습니다. 이것은 지표의 빨간색점으로서 표현됩니다.
(실제 이동평균선은 2차함수가 아니기에, 포물선이 유지된다는 가정 하에 "억지로"만들어낸 이차함수입니다)
4. 이 때, 이러한 점은 다음 극점이 0이 되는 곳에서 초기화되고 이차함수가 만들어집니다.
5. 위의 과정에서 얻은 식을 바탕으로 'offset'을 통해 미래의 이동평균선을 예측할 수 있습니다.
즉, 현재시점의 x값을 'k'라고 한다면, (k+1)을 이차함수에 대입하여 1캔들 앞의 이동평균선을 예측할 수 있습니다.
해당 예측치가 지나간 자리는, 빨간색점을 통해 보여집니다.
6. 선택한 이동평균선이 스무스할수록 극점은 덜 등장하게되고, 포물선의 위치가 맞아들어갈 가능성이 높습니다.
현재 디폴트값으로 설정된 T3의 경우, 약 20캔들 앞을 예측해도 매우 높은 정확도를 보여줍니다.
반면에, SMA와 같이 울퉁불퉁한 이동평균선은 가능한 예측치가 크지 않습니다.
(SMA 60, offset=10)
--------
매우 높은 수준의 정확도를 보여준 이동평균선은 JMA(Jurik Moving Average)입니다. 다만 이 이동평균선은 코드가 공개되지 않았기때문에, 관심있으신 분은 저의 코드를 통해 한번 확인해보시길 권장드립니다.
추가로, 제가 올린 이 지표의 코드는 이용가치가 높다고 생각합니다.
하나의 예시로서, 가속도로 예측한 포물선이 깨지는 곳을 기준으로, 힘이 다시 한 번 바뀌는 것을 이용해 진입/로스를 할 수 있습니다. 그 외에도 매우 다양한 활용이 가능합니다.
이 지표를 통해 더욱 좋은 새로운 결과물이 나오길 기대해봅니다.
Leavitt Convolution Acceleration [CC]The Leavitt Convolution Slope indicator was created by Jay Leavitt (Stocks and Commodities Oct 2019, page 11), who is most well-known for creating the Volume-Weighted Average Price indicator. This indicator didn't have a good explanation or description so I custom-coded most of it. The way it works is it will give trend spikes in the direction of the underlying trend. If you don't see a spike then it means that the stock isn't trending at the moment. One possible avenue to explore with this indicator is judging the size of the trend spike before you open a position in that direction (or the opposite direction if you are shorting). I added a normalization function using code from a good friend @loxx that I recommend leaving on but feel free to experiment with it. I have color coded the lines to turn light green for a standard buy signal or dark green for a strong buy signal and light red for a standard sell signal, and dark red for a strong sell signal.
This is another indicator in a series that I'm publishing to fulfill a special request from @ashok1961 so let me know if you ever have any special requests for me.
Carrey's Velocity and AccelerationThis is initially based on the MA Speed indicator from TradeStation () and expanded upon greatly. This implements 3 different variable MAs and calculates and plots both speed and acceleration of each. Also, a single line composite option is included for both speed and acceleration that changes color based on directional confluence of each MA's speed/acceleration. Additionally, optional labels are included to show where the 3 MAs are clustered, and a volatile move is expected, and where they are more distributed, expecting a temporary reversal.
The additional acceleration concept comes from kinematics in physics. Utilizing time-based derivatives, we can calculate the velocity and acceleration of the moving averages, which can help us identify momentum of price action and locate reversals sooner.
Momentum and AccelerationThe following oscillator is a twist on momentum, incorporating a 2nd derivative "acceleration" to help determine changes in momentum. Both are plotted directly accessing previous series values rather than using a moving average.
The script has an option to divide so the formula is d(Price)/d(Time), like a derivative. The script also provides options for the user to use their price source, volume, or a combination of price and volume.
Credit: This script utilizes the "color gradient framework" tutorial by LucF (PineCoders) to create user-adjustable gradient visuals.
Definitions
"1st Derivative - Momentum" - Momentum is most commonly referred to as a rate and measures the acceleration of the price and/or volume of a security.
"2nd Derivative - Acceleration" - Acceleration is the rate of change of momentum.
Value Added
This script may help the trader to assess directional changes in momentum easier.
This script also plots using previous series values rather than using a moving average function. To my knowledge, I was unable to find one that does this for "2nd derivative", so it had to be created.
Acceleration BandsAcceleration Bands
Description:
Acceleration Bands serve as a trading envelope that factor in an assets typical volatility over standard settings of 20 or 80 bars. They can be used across any time period, though traders prefer to use them most across weekly and monthly timeframes as breakout indicators outside these bands.
Using the shorter time frames can define likely support and resistance levels at the lower and upper Acceleration Bands.
Entry is usually made at the breakout point. Once the price closes back within the Acceleration Bands, this is taken as a signal that the acceleration period is over and it’s best to close out the trade.
Neglected Volume by DGTVolume is one piece of information that is often neglected, however, learning to interpret volume brings many advantages and could be of tremendous help when it comes to analyzing the markets. In addition to technicians, fundamental investors also take notice of the numbers of shares traded for a given security.
What is Volume?
The volume represents all the recorded trades for a security that occurs in a given time interval. It is a measurement of the participation, enthusiasm, and interest in a given security. Think of volume as the force that drives the market. Volume substantiates, energizes, and empowers price. When volume increases, it confirms price direction; when volume decreases, it contradicts price direction.
In theory, increases in volume generally precede significant price movements. However, If the price is rising in an uptrend but the volume is reducing or unchanged, it may show that there’s little interest in the security, and the price may reverse.
A high volume usually indicates more interest in the security and the presence of institutional traders. However, a rapidly rising price in an uptrend accompanied by a huge volume may be a sign of exhaustion.
Traders usually look for breaks of support and resistance to enter positions. When security break critical levels without volume, you should consider the breakout suspect and prime for a reversal off the highs/lows
Volume spikes are often the result of news-driven events. Volume spike will often lead to sharp reversals since the moves are unsustainable due to the imbalance of supply and demand
note : there’s no centralized exchange where trades are recorded, so the volume data represents what happens at a particular exchange only
In most charting platforms, the volume indicator is presented as color-coded bars, green if the security closes up and red if the security closed lower, where the height of the bars show the amount of the recorded trades
Within this study, Relative Volume , Volume Weighted Bars and Volume Moving Average are presented, where Relative Volume relates current trading volume to past trading volume over long period, Volume Weighted Bars presents price bars colored based on short period past trading volume average, and Volume Moving Average is average of volume over shot period
Relative Volume is presented as color-coded bars similar to regular Volume indicator but uses four color codes instead two. Notable increases of volume are presented in green and red while average values with back and gray, hence adding ability to emphasis notable increases in the volume. It is kind of a like a radar for how "in-play" a security is. Users are allowed to change the threshold, default value is set to Fibonacci golden ration standard deviation away from its moving average.
Volume Weighted Bars, a study of Kıvanç Özbilgiç, aims to present if price movements are supported by Volume. Volume Weighted Bars are calculated based on shot period volume moving average which will reflect more recent changes in volume. Price actions with high volume will be displayed with darker colors, average volume values will remain as they are and low volume values will be indicated with lighter colors.
Volume Moving Average, Is short period volume moving average, aims to display visually the volume changes. Please not that Relative Volume bars are calculated based on standard deviation of long volume moving average.
What Else?
Apart from the volume itself, your ability to assess what volume is telling you in conjunction with price action can be a key factor in your ability to turn a profit in the market. It makes little sense to analyze the volume alone. To correctly interpret the volume data, it shall be seen in the light of what the price is doing. there are a lot of other indicators that are based on the volume data as well as price action. Analysing those volume indicators has always helped traders and investors to better understand what is happening in the market.
Here are the ones adapted with this study. Some of them used as a source for our aim, some adapted as they are with slight changes to fit visually to this study and please note that the numerical presentation may differ from their regular use
• On Balance Volume
• Divergence Indicator
• Correlation Coefficient
• Chaikin Money Flow
Shortly;
On Balance Volume
The On Balance Volume indicator, is a technical analysis indicator that relates volume flow to changes in a security’s price. It uses a cumulative total of positive and negative trading volume to predict the direction of price. The OBV is a volume-based momentum oscillator, so it is a leading indicator — it changes direction before the price
Granville, creator of OBV, proposed the theory that changes in volume precede price movements in a measurable way. He believed that volume was the main force behind major market moves and thought of OBV’s prediction of price changes as a compressed spring that expands rapidly when released.
It is believed that the OBV shows the interactions between the institutional and retail traders in the market
If the price makes a new high, the OBV should also make a new high. If the OBV makes a lower high when the price makes a higher high, there’s a classical bearish divergence — indicating that only the retail traders are buying. Another type of bearish divergence occurs when the price remains relatively quiet and fails to make a higher high but the OBV soars higher than the previous high — indicating that the institutional traders are accumulating short positions. On the other hand, if the price makes a lower low and the OBV makes a higher low, there is a classical bullish divergence, showing that the institutional traders don’t believe in that move
With this study, Momentum and Acceleration (optional) of OBV is calculated and presented, where momentum is most commonly referred to as a rate and measures the acceleration of the price and/or volume of a security. It is also referred to as a technical analysis indicator and oscillator that is able to determine market trends.
Additionally, smoothing functionality with Least Squares Method is added
Divergences especially, should always be noted as a possible reversal in the current trend, so the divergence indicator is adapted with this study where the Momentum of OBV is assumed as Oscillator with similar usages as to RSI. Divergence is most often used to track and analyze the momentum in an asset’s price and the odds of a price reversal within the current trend. The divergence indicator warns traders and technical analysts of changes in a price/volume trend, oftentimes that it is weakening or changing direction.
Correlation Coefficient
The correlation coefficient is a statistical measure of the strength of the relationship between the relative movements of two variables. A correlation of -1.0 shows a perfect negative correlation, while a correlation of 1.0 shows a perfect positive correlation. A correlation of 0.0 shows no linear relationship between the movement of the two variables. In other words, the closer the Correlation Coefficient is to 1.0, indicates the instruments will move up and down together as it is mostly expected with volume and price. So the Correlation Coefficient Indicator aims to display when the price and volume (on balance volume) is in correlation and when not. With this study blue represent positive correlation while orange negative correlation. The strength of the correlation is determined by the width of the bands, to emphasis the effect horizontal lines are drawn with values set to 0.5 and -0.5. the values above 0.5 (or below -0.5) shows stronger correlation.
Chaikin Money Flow , provide optionally as a companion indicator
The Chaikin money flow indicator (CMF) is a volume indicator that measures the money flow volume over a chosen period. The money flow volume is a measure of the volume and where the price closed relative to the trading session’s range. It comes from the idea that buying pressure is indicated by a rising volume and recurrent closes in the upper part of the session’s price range while selling pressure is demonstrated by an increasing volume and repeated closes in the lower part of the price range.
Both buying and selling pressures are accompanied by an increase in volume, but the location of the closing prices are in accordance with the direction of price
Special thanks to @InvestCHK and @hjsjshs , who have enormously contributed while preparing this study
related studies:
Disclaimer:
Trading success is all about following your trading strategy and the indicators should fit within your trading strategy, and not to be traded upon solely
The script is for informational and educational purposes only. Use of the script does not constitute professional and/or financial advice. You alone have the sole responsibility of evaluating the script output and risks associated with the use of the script. In exchange for using the script, you agree not to hold dgtrd TradingView user liable for any possible claim for damages arising from any decision you make based on use of the script
Momentum Adjusted EMA TrendThe script draws a moving average which responds to trend changes extraordinary fast!
It's calculated using Momentum, Acceleration and Probability (Psychological Effect) by interfering the Golden Ratio!
I got the idea thanks to Tradingview user DGT (dgtrd) and his/her excellent descriptions.
The indicator is simplified for users and the default settings work great, so use it as you like specially as a trend indicator.
RK's 07 ∴ Moving Average Ribbon with Momentum Adjusted by DGTHello folks!
In my search for new ways to get faster and better market responses, I found this brilliant Indicator here on Trading View.
I rewrite all the code with my own functions and styles.
So... This is my adaptation to excellent script "Momentum adjusted Moving Average by DGT" from the user dgtrd
In dgtrd's words: "A brand new Moving Average, calculated using Momentum, Acceleration and Probability (Psychological Effect).
Momentum adjusted Moving Average( MaMA ) is an indicator that measures Price Action by taking into consideration not only Price movements but also its Momentum, Acceleration and Probability.
MaMA , provides faster responses comparing to the regular Moving Average"
The original post is here: 👇
T∴F∴A∴
Rodrigo Kazuma
Momentum adjusted Moving Average by DGTA brand new Moving Average , calculated using Momentum, Acceleration and Probability (Psychological Effect).
Momentum adjusted Moving Average(MaMA) is an indicator that measures Price Action by taking into consideration not only Price movements but also its Momentum, Acceleration and Probability. MaMA, provides faster responses comparing to the regular Moving Average
Here is the math of the MaMA idea
Momentum measures change in price over a specified time period
momentum = source – source(length)
where,
source, indicates current bar’s price value
source(length), indicates historical price value of length bars earlier
Lets play with this formula and rewrite it by moving source(length) to other side of the equation
source = source(length) + momentum
to avoid confusion let’s call the source that we aim to predict as adjustedSource
adjustedSource = source(length) + momentum
looks nice the next value of source simply can be calculated by summing of historical value of the source value and value of the momentum. I wish it was so easy, the formula holds true only when the momentum is conserved/constant/steady but momentum move up or down with the price fluctuations (accelerating or decelerating)
Let’s add acceleration effects on our formula, where acceleration is change in momentum for a given length. Then the formula will become as (skipped proof part of acceleration effects, you may google for further details)
adjustedSource = source(length) + momentum + 1/2 * acceleration
here again the formula holds true when the acceleration is constant and once again it is not the case for trading, acceleration also changes with the price fluctuations
Then, how we can benefit from all of this, it has value yet requires additional approaches for better outcome
Let’s simulate behaviour with some predictive approach such as using probability (also known as psychological effect ), where probability is a measure for calculating the chances or the possibilities of the occurrence of a random event. As stated earlier above momentum and acceleration are changing with the price fluctuations, by using the probability approach we can add a predictive skill to determine the likelihood of momentum and acceleration changes (remember it is a predictive approach). With this approach, our equations can be expresses as follows
adjustedSource = source(length) + momentum * probability
adjustedSource = source(length) + ( momentum + 1/2 * acceleration ) * probability , with acceleration effect
Finally, we plot MaMA with the new predicted source adjustedSource, applying acceleration effect is made settable by the used from the dialog box, default value is true.
What to look for:
• Trend Identification
• Support and Resistance
• Price Crossovers
Recommended settings are applied as default settings, if you wish to change the length of the MaMA then you should also adjust length of Momentum (and/or Probability). For example for faster moving average such as 21 period it would be suggested to set momentum length to 13
Alternative usage , set moving average length to 1 and keep rest lengths with default values, it will produce a predictive price line based on momentum and probability. Experience acceleration factor by enabling and disabling it
Conclusion
MaMA provide an added level of confidence to a trading strategy and yet it is important to always be aware that it implements a predictive approach in a chaotic market use with caution just like with any indicator
Trading success is all about following your trading strategy and the indicators should fit within your trading strategy, and not to be traded upon solely
Disclaimer : The script is for informational and educational purposes only. Use of the script does not constitutes professional and/or financial advice. You alone the sole responsibility of evaluating the script output and risks associated with the use of the script. In exchange for using the script, you agree not to hold dgtrd TradingView user liable for any possible claim for damages arising from any decision you make based on use of the script
Renko AccelerationRenko is a very useful charting method for analyzing stock movement. It does a great job of filtering out all the excess noise so that all we're left with is pure price action. But, what about time? Time is a fundamental part of chart analysis and we are only seeing part of the picture. After all, shouldn't we take a very different approach to trading signals from a block that renders in 2 seconds as opposed to a block that renders in 30 minutes?
This indicator provides the best of both worlds, enabling us to correlate the passing of time with price movement and clearly see when squeezes and breakouts occur.
As the indicator turns up to green we can see that volatility is on the move and the market is accelerating (breakout), and as it turns down to red the market is stagnating (squeeze). There is also an alternate 'Precise' view which renders the exact time per block for more granular analysis.
Leavitt Convolution & Acceleration by CryptorhythmsLeavitt Projection, Convolution, & Acceleration by Cryptorhythms
Intro
Bringing you another open source Gem this time from the January 2020 Issue of TASC.
Description
In the article in the Oct 2019 TASC issue titled "An interplanetary marriage" author Jay Leavitt describes the evolution process required in strategy design by introducing his Mars strategy. This grew out of concepts presented in his earlier TASC articles such as the stratosphere, moon rocket, and tech emini strategies. This dual indicator uses a linear regression of price data to help derive slope and acceleration information, in turn helping him to identify trends and trend turning points.
Additions
As usual a few useful extras are included such as a rudimentary signaling system, bar coloration by trade state, overbought/oversold areas to assist in algorithmic setups, and more!
👍 We hope you enjoyed this indicator and find it useful! We post free crypto analysis, strategies and indicators regularly. This is our 71st script on Tradingview!
💬Check my Signature for other information
R100 Volatility Combo Bands v1 (*v*)The Volatility Combo Bands are made from 4 separate volatility bands- two Bollinger Bands (10 and 20 period) and two Price Headley Acceleration Bands (10 and 20 period). The Volatility Combo Bands plot the innermost upper and lower points from these bands and then plots a mid-line. By default, only the standard 20 period Bollinger Bands and Combo Bands with mid-line are displayed, but can be configured however you want.
Try it out- see squeezes earlier, ride the bands earlier in trending markets, trade pullbacks to the Combo Bands and mid-line, trade the range of the band or use them to help identify potential support and resistance levels. Hopefully they can add another dimension to identifying volatility contraction patterns or whatever you currently use these things for!
I hope you get some value out of it. Only conditions of use are that if you improve it, let me know and if you publish something that uses it, don't hide the code! Enjoy!
Code for the Price Headley Acceleration Bands pinched and modified from LazyBear - thankyou.
Double Accelerator OscillatorThis is a modified version of Bill Williams' Accelerator. The Accelerator measures the difference between the Awesome Oscillator(another Williams indicator) and its 5 day SMA.
This script plots 2 accelerators rather than 1. Users can define the lengths of the fast and slow SMA's used in the Awesome Oscillator calculation by adjusting the options in the input menu.
We set the default the lengths of the fast and slow SMA's used in the first Awesome Oscillator calculation as 34 and 7 periods. Then to find the Accelerator Oscillator, the difference between the Awesome Oscillator and its 7 period SMA is calculated. The second Accelerator uses shorter window lengths than the first. The fast SMA length is 5 by default and the slow SMA length is 18. Finally, the length of the Awesome Oscillator SMA used to calculate the second Accelerator Oscillator is 3.
By utilizing two Accelerator Oscillators with increasingly shorter window lengths, this indicator identifies changes in momentum very well.
The red and green histogram represents the first Accelerator Oscillator. It is green when the Accelerator is increasing and red when it is decreasing. I found this layout to be more practical than the standard, which plots the AC as green when it is greater than 0 and red when less than zero. The second Accelerator Oscillator is plotted as the bright green and pink circle line. It uses the same coloring conditions as above.
Acceleration BandsAcceleration Bands indicator script. This indicator was originally developed by Price Headley.
MaxWarren's Pine Acceleration - 2nd DerivativeThis is the acceleration of a chart written in pine. It's the second derivative otherwise the derivative of the momentum.
It shows how fast a stock's momentum is changing and in what direction.
As standard I left the controls in the settings for source and length of the estimate.
I will be incorporating this in other more complicated scripts here shortly
