US Market CrashesThis script allows you to manually highlight specific periods on a chart, making it easy to visualize significant market events such as recessions, market crashes, or other key timeframes. Unlike traditional indicators that are based on price movements, this script provides a flexible way to mark any custom date range directly on your Trading View charts.
Features:
Custom Date Ranges: Easily specify start and end dates for periods you want to highlight on the chart.
Custom Colors: Choose different colors for each highlighted period for clear visual distinction.
Predefined Market Crashes: By default, the script highlights 18 historical market crashes where the market declined by over 20%.
Use Cases:
Historical Analysis: Highlight and study the impact of past recessions or market crashes.
Event Marking: Mark specific economic events, earnings seasons, or other relevant periods.
Presentation: Use the highlighted periods to enhance presentations or reports on market behavior.
How to Use:
Input the start and end dates for the periods you want to highlight.
Adjust the colors and transparency as needed.
Apply the script to your chart to see the highlighted periods.
This tool is perfect for traders, analysts, and investors who want a clean and straightforward way to visualize important historical periods on their charts.
The default setup includes 18 significant market crashes with declines of over 20%.
Cycles
Prometheus Cauchy ProbabilityThe Cauchy probability distribution is a distribution that is better suited to be used on non normal data, such as stock returns. Markets characterized by volatility and fat-tails can be better modeled like this.
This script provides two values to a user. The blue line represents the probability for the underlying to rise. The purple line represents its probability to fall. Rise and fall by how much? By default a prediction of 0.5% is set, but users can adjust it. The script automatically calculates based on how many bars would be in an entire day. For example there are 390 minutes from 9:30am to 4:00pm est. time so the script uses 390 bars. Users have the option to set a custom bars back length.
Developer’s note. This script works best with extended market hours on. Every example shown will have it on. The more price and volatility the better!
Code breakdown:
cauchy_cdf(x, x0, gamma)=>
1 / math.pi * math.atan((x - x0) / gamma) + 0.5
This function is what calculates the Cauchy cumulative density function.
// Calculate x and gamma
x = close * (1 + pred)
x0 = hi
gamma := ta.stdev(close, Len, false)
y = cauchy_cdf(x, x0, gamma)
//down
x_lo = close * (1 - pred)
x0_lo = lo
y_lo = cauchy_cdf(x_lo, x0_lo, gamma)
x represents the target price. x0 represents the current highest price of the day. Gamma is the standard deviation of prices over the desired length. x_lo, x0_lo, are variables to determine the probability of falling. Inputting these values into the function we get back our chance of rising and falling. Our blue and purple line.
Trade Examples:
Step 1: After a move down there is some choppiness, the values are close to each other and moving sharply.
Step 2: The chance to rise (Blue Line) strongly moves above the chance to fall (Purple Line), uptrend ensues.
Step 3: Small breaks below the purple line show breaks in the overall trend.
Step 4: Strong move down in price, and up in purple line end up trend.
Step 1: Strong cross in purple and blue line, marking the start of a downtrend.
Step 2: Small breaks above the purple line show breaks in the overall trend.
Step 3: Strong move up in price, and up in the blue line end downtrend.
Day trading example:
Custom input:
Step 1: Pre market weakness ends with a move up in the blue line and price.
Step 2: Consolidation in the uptrend with a small downtrend and above the purple line.
Step 3: Strong move up in price, and up in the blue line end consolidation and resumes strong uptrend.
This example is with custom input: 100 bars back, and 1% prediction.
Step 1: Downtrend starts after a big move up.
Step 2: Big crossover in blue and purple line. Uptrend starts.
Step 3: Lines get close signaling choppiness.
Step 4: Purple crosses over blue ending uptrend.
No indicator is 100% accurate, we encourage traders to use them along with their own discretion. Please use these tools with your own decision making. Comments about desired features and updates are encouraged!
Percentage Change IndicatorPercentage Change Indicator
This indicator calculates and displays the percentage change between the current close price and the previous close price. It provides a clear visual representation of price movements, helping traders quickly identify significant changes in the market.
## Formula
The percentage change is calculated using the following formula:
```
Percentage Change = (Current Close - Previous Close) * 100 / Current Close
```
## Features
- Displays percentage change as a bar chart
- Green bars indicate positive changes
- Red bars indicate negative changes
- A horizontal line at 0% helps distinguish between positive and negative movements
## How to Use
1. Add the indicator to your chart
2. Observe the bar chart below your main price chart
3. Green bars above the 0% line indicate upward price movements
4. Red bars below the 0% line indicate downward price movements
5. The height of each bar represents the magnitude of the percentage change
This indicator can be particularly useful for:
- Identifying sudden price spikes or drops
- Analyzing the volatility of an asset
- Comparing price movements across different timeframes
- Spotting potential entry or exit points based on percentage changes
Customize the indicator's appearance in the settings to suit your charting preferences.
Note: This indicator works on all timeframes, adapting its calculations to the selected chart period.
Normalized SP100/SP400 Ratio with Shiller PE Ratio (CAPE Ratio)This indicator is designed to observe market concentration and overall valuation by combining the Shiller CAPE Ratio with the SP100/SP400 ratio.
Blue Line: Represents the Shiller CAPE Ratio, which reflects the overall market valuation.
Yellow Line: Represents the SP100/SP400 ratio, which indicates market concentration.
The combination of these two metrics provides insight into market dynamics. Historically, on the SPX monthly chart, when the yellow line (SP100/SP400 ratio) crosses below the blue line (CAPE Ratio), it has been followed by a period of stock market gains.
Justification for Combination:
The Shiller CAPE Ratio is a widely recognized indicator of market valuation, providing a long-term perspective on whether the market is overvalued or undervalued. The SP100/SP400 ratio, on the other hand, measures the concentration of the market by comparing the largest 100 companies to the next 400 mid-sized companies.
By normalizing both metrics and analyzing their relationship, this script provides a unique perspective on market movements. The crossunder of the SP100/SP400 ratio below the CAPE Ratio may signal a shift in market sentiment or concentration, often leading to potential market rallies. This combination is not just a simple merger of indicators but rather a thoughtful integration that adds value by highlighting periods where market concentration and valuation dynamics align.
World Clock [VHX]Keeping track of local times across different time zones has always been a challenge, especially when working with global markets.
But worry no more, as we now have a solution tailored for this very need. With this indicator, you can effortlessly add two different time zones to your chart, making it easier than ever to stay on top of market activity. The indicator not only shows the current date and time for the selected time zones but also integrates seamlessly with your chart, ensuring that you’re always aligned with the right market timings, no matter where you or your trades are based.
Unfortunately, the clock won't function when the market is closed.
Bitcoin Power Law Oscillator [InvestorUnknown]The Bitcoin Power Law Oscillator is a specialized tool designed for long-term mean-reversion analysis of Bitcoin's price relative to a theoretical midline derived from the Bitcoin Power Law model (made by capriole_charles). This oscillator helps investors identify whether Bitcoin is currently overbought, oversold, or near its fair value according to this mathematical model.
Key Features:
Power Law Model Integration: The oscillator is based on the midline of the Bitcoin Power Law, which is calculated using regression coefficients (A and B) applied to the logarithm of the number of days since Bitcoin’s inception. This midline represents a theoretical fair value for Bitcoin over time.
Midline Distance Calculation: The distance between Bitcoin’s current price and the Power Law midline is computed as a percentage, indicating how far above or below the price is from this theoretical value.
float a = input.float (-16.98212206, 'Regression Coef. A', group = "Power Law Settings")
float b = input.float (5.83430649, 'Regression Coef. B', group = "Power Law Settings")
normalization_start_date = timestamp(2011,1,1)
calculation_start_date = time == timestamp(2010, 7, 19, 0, 0) // First BLX Bitcoin Date
int days_since = request.security('BNC:BLX', 'D', ta.barssince(calculation_start_date))
bar() =>
= request.security('BNC:BLX', 'D', bar())
int offset = 564 // days between 2009/1/1 and "calculation_start_date"
int days = days_since + offset
float e = a + b * math.log10(days)
float y = math.pow(10, e)
float midline_distance = math.round((y / btc_close - 1.0) * 100)
Oscillator Normalization: The raw distance is converted into a normalized oscillator, which fluctuates between -1 and 1. This normalization adjusts the oscillator to account for historical extremes, making it easier to compare current conditions with past market behavior.
float oscillator = -midline_distance
var float min = na
var float max = na
if (oscillator > max or na(max)) and time >= normalization_start_date
max := oscillator
if (min > oscillator or na(min)) and time >= normalization_start_date
min := oscillator
rescale(float value, float min, float max) =>
(2 * (value - min) / (max - min)) - 1
normalized_oscillator = rescale(oscillator, min, max)
Overbought/Oversold Identification: The oscillator provides a clear visual representation, where values near 1 suggest Bitcoin is overbought, and values near -1 indicate it is oversold. This can help identify potential reversal points or areas of significant market imbalance.
Optional Moving Average: Users can overlay a moving average (either SMA or EMA) on the oscillator to smooth out short-term fluctuations and focus on longer-term trends. This is particularly useful for confirming trend reversals or persistent overbought/oversold conditions.
This indicator is particularly useful for long-term Bitcoin investors who wish to gauge the market's mean-reversion tendencies based on a well-established theoretical model. By focusing on the Power Law’s midline, users can gain insights into whether Bitcoin’s current price deviates significantly from what historical trends would suggest as a fair value.
Anomaly Detection with Standard Deviation [CHE]Anomaly Detection with Standard Deviation in Trading
Application for Traders
Traders can use this indicator to identify potential turning points in the market. Anomalies above the upper threshold may indicate overbought conditions, suggesting a possible reversal or sell opportunity. Conversely, anomalies below the lower threshold might signal oversold conditions, presenting a potential buying opportunity. By combining these signals with other technical analysis tools, traders can make more informed decisions and refine their trading strategies.
Introduction
Welcome to this presentation on Anomaly Detection using Standard Deviation in the context of trading. This method helps traders identify unusual price movements that may indicate potential trading opportunities. We will walk through the concept, explain how to set up the indicator, and discuss how traders can utilize it effectively.
Concept Overview
Anomaly Detection using Standard Deviation is a statistical method that identifies price points in a financial market that deviate significantly from the norm. The method relies on calculating the moving average and the standard deviation of a chosen price indicator over a specified period. By defining thresholds (e.g., 3 standard deviations above and below the mean), the method flags these deviations as anomalies, which can signal potential trading opportunities.
1. Selecting the Data Source
Description: The first step in setting up the indicator is choosing the price data that will be analyzed. Common options include the closing price, opening price, highest price, lowest price, or a combination of these (such as the average of the open, high, low, and close prices, known as OHLC4).
Importance: The choice of data source affects the sensitivity and relevance of the detected anomalies.
2. Setting the Calculation Period
Description: The calculation period refers to the number of time units (such as days, hours, or minutes) used to compute the moving average and standard deviation. A typical default period might be 20 units.
Importance: A shorter period makes the indicator more responsive to recent changes, while a longer period smooths out short-term fluctuations and highlights more significant trends.
3. Determining the Number of Displayed Lines and Labels
Description: Traders can configure how many anomaly lines and labels are displayed on the chart at any given time. This is crucial for maintaining a clear and readable chart, especially in volatile markets.
Importance: Limiting the number of displayed anomalies helps avoid clutter and focuses attention on the most recent or relevant data points.
4. Calculating the Mean and Standard Deviation
Description: The mean (or moving average) represents the central tendency of the price data, while the standard deviation measures the dispersion or volatility around this mean.
Importance: These statistical measures are fundamental to determining the thresholds for what constitutes an "anomaly."
5. Defining Anomaly Thresholds
Description: Anomaly thresholds are typically set at 3 standard deviations above and below the mean. Prices that exceed these thresholds are considered anomalies, signaling potential overbought (above the upper threshold) or oversold (below the lower threshold) conditions.
Importance: These thresholds help traders identify extreme market conditions that might present trading opportunities.
6. Identifying Anomalies
Description: The indicator checks whether the high or low prices exceed the defined thresholds. If they do, these price points are flagged as anomalies.
Importance: Identifying these points can alert traders to unusual market behavior, prompting them to consider buying, selling, or holding their positions.
7. Visualizing the Anomalies
Description: The indicator plots the thresholds on the chart as lines, with anomalies highlighted through additional visual cues, such as labels or lines.
Importance: This visualization makes it easy for traders to spot significant deviations from the norm, which might warrant further analysis or immediate action.
8. Managing Displayed Anomalies
Description: To keep the chart organized, the indicator automatically removes the oldest lines and labels when the number exceeds the user-defined limit.
Importance: This feature ensures that the chart remains clear and focused on the most relevant data points, preventing information overload.
Conclusion
The Anomaly Detection with Standard Deviation indicator is a powerful tool for identifying significant deviations in market behavior. By customizing parameters such as the calculation period and the number of displayed anomalies, traders can tailor the indicator to suit their specific needs, leading to more effective trading decisions.
Best regards
Chervolino
AB_Bnf_Selling_5minThe Mathematical Level Reversal Strategy is designed to identify potential reversal points in the market using mathematical levels combined with price action on a 5-minute chart. This strategy is particularly effective for intraday traders who seek to capitalize on precise entry and exit points based on calculated levels rather than traditional indicators like moving averages or Bollinger Bands.
Creators' Mathematical Levels Explanation
Mathematical levels are predetermined price points calculated based on various factors such as previous high/low points, Fibonacci retracements, or other arithmetic calculations. These levels are used to anticipate areas where the price might reverse or experience significant support or resistance.
higher threshold: A predefined level where the price is expected to experience resistance, leading to a potential reversal downward.
Lower Threshold: A predefined level where the price might find support, leading to a potential upward reversal.
In this strategy, we focus on price movements around the upper mathematical level, where prices are likely to reverse downwards.
Strategy Logic
Setup:
The strategy is applied on a 5-minute chart.
Mathematical levels are calculated based on your preferred method, such as Fibonacci levels, pivot points, or custom calculations. For this strategy, let's assume we are using a specific predefined upper level.
Sell Signal Criteria:
A 5-minute candle must cross above the predefined upper mathematical level or close entirely above it (open and close both above the level).
The following candle must break below the low of the candle that crossed the upper level and close below that low. This confirms a bearish reversal.
Once these conditions are met, a sell signal is triggered.
Stop Loss:
The stop loss is placed at the high of the candle that crossed above the upper mathematical level.
This level represents the point where the trade setup would be invalidated.
Take Profit:
Target 1: The first take profit is set at a level that offers a 1:5 risk-to-reward ratio.
Target 2: An alternative take profit level is set at a 1:3 risk-to-reward ratio, providing flexibility based on market conditions.
Trade Management:
Once a trade is initiated, no new trades will be taken until the current trade hits either the stop loss or the first take profit level. This prevents overlapping signals and helps in managing risk effectively.
Originality and Usefulness
This strategy offers a unique approach by using mathematical levels instead of traditional indicators. It provides traders with a clear framework for identifying and executing high-probability reversal trades, particularly in intraday markets.
Originality:
The strategy's originality lies in its reliance on mathematical levels combined with a multi-candle confirmation pattern. This approach reduces the chances of false signals and offers a robust method for identifying potential reversals.
Usefulness:
The strategy is particularly useful for traders who prefer a more quantitative approach, relying on calculated price levels rather than indicators. The clear rules for entry, stop loss, and take profit make it easier to execute consistently.
The inclusion of both 1:5 and 1:3 risk-to-reward targets allows for flexibility depending on market conditions, ensuring that traders can adapt to varying levels of volatility.
Chart Signals and Examples
To demonstrate the effectiveness of this strategy, let's look at a few hypothetical examples on a 5-minute chart:
Example 1: Clear Reversal Signal
The price steadily rises and crosses above the predefined upper mathematical level. The next candle breaks below the low of this candle and closes lower, triggering a sell signal.
A red dotted line is drawn at the stop loss level (the high of the candle that crossed the upper level).
Two green dashed lines are drawn to indicate the first and second take profit levels.
Example 2: No Signal Due to Ongoing Trade
After an initial sell signal is triggered, the price fluctuates but does not hit either the stop loss or the first take profit target. During this period, the strategy refrains from issuing any new signals, adhering to the trade management rule.
Example 3: Trade Reaches Target 1
In another scenario, the price moves sharply in favor of the trade after the signal is triggered. The first take profit level is hit, securing a profit. The trade is then considered closed, and the strategy is ready to issue a new signal when conditions are met.
Opening Price LinesThis script allows the user to set 16 custom opening time price lines and labels, as well as 4 vertical lines to delineate times of the day.
Opening price is crucial for PO3 and OHLC/OLHC market strategies. If you are bearish, you want to get in above the opening price of a candle; conversely if you are bullish you want to enter below the opening price of a candle.
This indicator will aid in identifying time clusters in price as well as identifying important times for whatever strategy the user employs.
*Many thanks to TFO for the framework from which this indicator was created.*
Combined Bitcoin CME Gaps and Weekend DaysScript Description: Combined Bitcoin CME Gaps and Weekend Days
Author: NeoButane (Bitcoin CME Gaps), JohnIsTrading (Day of Week),
Contributor : MikeTheRuleTA (Combined and optimizations)
This Pine Script indicator provides a combined view of Bitcoin CME gaps and customizable weekend day backgrounds on your chart. It’s designed to help traders visualize CME gaps along with customizable weekend day highlights.
Features:
CME Gaps Visualization:
Enable CME Gaps: Toggle the display of CME gaps on your chart.
Show Real vs. CME Price: Choose whether to display chart prices or CME prices for gap analysis.
Weekend Gaps Only: Filter to show only weekend gaps for a cleaner view (note: this may miss holidays).
CME Gaps Styling:
Weekend Background Highlighting:
Enable Weekend Background: Toggle the weekend day background highlight on or off.
Timezone Selection: Choose the relevant timezone for accurate weekend highlighting.
Customizable Weekend Colors: Define colors for Saturday and Sunday backgrounds.
How It Works:
CME Gaps: The script identifies gaps between CME and chart prices when the CME session is closed. It plots these gaps with customizable colors and line widths.
You can choose to see gaps based on CME prices or chart prices and decide whether to include only weekends.
Weekend Backgrounds: The script allows for background highlighting of weekends (Saturday and Sunday) on your chart. This can be enabled or disabled and customized with specific colors.
The timezone setting ensures that the background highlights match your local time settings.
Inputs:
CME Gaps Settings:
Enable CME Gaps
Show Real vs. CME Price
Only Show Weekend Gaps
CME Gaps Style:
Gap Fill Color Up
Gap Fill Color Down
Gap Fill Transparency
Weekend Settings:
Enable Weekend Background
Timezone
Enable Saturday
Saturday Color
Enable Sunday
Sunday Color
Usage:
Add this script to your TradingView chart to overlay CME gaps and weekend highlights.
Adjust the settings according to your preferences for a clearer view of gaps and customized weekend backgrounds.
This indicator provides a comprehensive tool for tracking CME gaps and understanding weekend market behaviors through visual enhancements on your trading charts.
Market Indicator by Atilla YurtsevenThis TradingView script is designed to analyze and visualize market trends by showing the percentage drops from the all-time high (ATH) of a stock or any other financial instrument. It also calculates and displays key statistical levels such as the mean, median, and various percentage thresholds. This indicator helps traders identify significant retracement levels and possible support/resistance zones based on historical price movements.
Indicator Settings:
- The indicator is named "Market // Atilla Yurtseven" and can be overlaid on the price chart.
- Users can choose to use the closing price (Use Close Price) or the high/low prices.
- Options are provided to show the ATH, ATL (All-Time Low), mean, median, and various minor and macro percentage levels.
Color Customization:
- The script allows customization of text and line colors for different levels, making it adaptable to different charting styles.
Initial Variable Setup:
- The script initializes several variables, including ATH, ATL, and arrays to store price data.
The round and roundy functions are used to format the values for display purposes.
ATH/ATL Calculation:
- The script checks if the current price exceeds the previous ATH and updates the ATH accordingly.
- Similarly, the script calculates the ATL based on the lowest point after reaching the ATH.
Mean and Median Calculation:
- The mean is calculated as the average drop from the ATH, while the median is the middle value in the sorted array of drops.
- These statistics provide insight into the overall trend and are used to identify significant price levels.
Plotting the Levels:
The script plots the ATH, ATL, mean, median, and various percentage retracement levels (12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, etc.).
The levels are color-coded based on user preferences, making it easier to interpret the chart visually.
Labels and Text Display:
- The script dynamically creates and updates labels on the chart to show the values of the ATH, ATL, mean, median, and other key levels.
- This feature allows traders to see at a glance how far the current price is from these critical levels.
Hit Detection:
- The script includes logic to detect if the price is within the range of the mean and median. If the price is within this range, the color of the fill between these levels changes, highlighting this area on the chart.
This script is a powerful tool for traders who want to analyze the retracement levels from historical highs. By displaying the mean, median, and various percentage levels, it provides a comprehensive view of potential support and resistance areas, helping traders make more informed decisions. The customizable nature of the script allows it to fit seamlessly into different trading strategies and charting styles.
Disclaimer:
This script is provided for informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute financial or investment advice. The author, Atilla Yurtseven, is not responsible for any financial losses or damages that may occur as a result of using this script. Trading and investing in financial markets involve risk, and past performance is not indicative of future results. Users should conduct their own research and consult with a qualified financial advisor before making any investment decisions. Use this script at your own risk.
Trade smart, stay safe.
Atilla Yurtseven
Open Interest (OI) Delta [UAlgo]The Open Interest (OI) Delta indicator is a tool designed to provide insights into the dynamics of Open Interest changes within the futures market. Open Interest (OI) refers to the total number of outstanding derivative contracts, such as options or futures, that have not been settled. The OI Delta measures the change in Open Interest over a specified period, allowing traders to assess whether new money is entering the market or existing positions are being closed.
This indicator offers two distinct display modes to visualize OI Delta, along with customizable levels that help in categorizing the magnitude of OI changes. Additionally, it provides the option to color-code the bars on the price chart based on the intensity and direction of OI Delta, making it easier for traders to interpret market sentiment and potential future price movements.
🔶 Key Features
Two Display Modes: Choose between two different modes for visualizing OI Delta, depending on your analysis preferences:
Mode 1: Displays the OI Delta directly as positive or negative values.
Mode 2: Separates positive and negative OI Delta values, displaying them as absolute values for easier comparison.
Customizable Levels: Set up to four levels of OI Delta magnitude, each with customizable thresholds and colors. These levels help categorize the OI changes into Normal, Medium, Large, and Extreme ranges, allowing for a more nuanced interpretation of market activity.
MA Length and Standard Deviation Period: Adjust the moving average length and standard deviation period for OI Delta, which smooths out the data and helps in identifying significant deviations from the norm.
Color-Coded Bar Chart: Optionally color the price bars on your chart based on the OI Delta levels, helping to visually correlate price action with changes in Open Interest.
Heatmap Display: Toggle the display of OI Delta levels on the chart, with the option to fill the areas between these levels for a more visually intuitive understanding of the data.
🔶 Interpreting Indicator
Positive vs. Negative OI Delta:
A positive OI Delta indicates that the Open Interest is increasing, suggesting that new contracts are being created, which could imply fresh capital entering the market.
A negative OI Delta suggests that Open Interest is decreasing, indicating that contracts are being closed out or settled, which might reflect profit-taking or a reduction in market interest.
Magnitude Levels:
Level 1 (Normal OI Δ): Represents typical, less significant changes in OI. If the OI Delta stays within this range, it may indicate routine market activity without any substantial shift in sentiment.
Level 2 (Medium OI Δ): Reflects a more significant change in OI, suggesting increased market interest and possibly the beginning of a new trend or phase of market participation.
Level 3 (Large OI Δ): Indicates a strong change in OI, often associated with a decisive move in the market. This could signify strong conviction among market participants, either bullish or bearish.
Level 4 (Extreme OI Δ): The highest level of OI change, often preceding major market moves. Extreme OI Δ can be a signal of potential market reversals or the final phase of a strong trend.
Color-Coded Bars:
When enabled, the color of the price bars will reflect the magnitude and direction of the OI Delta. This visual aid helps in quickly assessing the correlation between price movements and changes in market sentiment as indicated by OI.
This indicator is particularly useful for futures traders looking to gauge the strength and direction of market sentiment by analyzing changes in Open Interest. By combining this with price action, traders can gain a deeper understanding of market dynamics and make more informed trading decisions
🔶 Disclaimer
Use with Caution: This indicator is provided for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered as financial advice. Users should exercise caution and perform their own analysis before making trading decisions based on the indicator's signals.
Not Financial Advice: The information provided by this indicator does not constitute financial advice, and the creator (UAlgo) shall not be held responsible for any trading losses incurred as a result of using this indicator.
Backtesting Recommended: Traders are encouraged to backtest the indicator thoroughly on historical data before using it in live trading to assess its performance and suitability for their trading strategies.
Risk Management: Trading involves inherent risks, and users should implement proper risk management strategies, including but not limited to stop-loss orders and position sizing, to mitigate potential losses.
No Guarantees: The accuracy and reliability of the indicator's signals cannot be guaranteed, as they are based on historical price data and past performance may not be indicative of future results.
Envelop-Ama-VivekThe Adaptive Moving Average (AMA) is a type of moving average developed by Perry Kaufman, designed to adapt to the market's volatility. Unlike traditional moving averages that use fixed periods for smoothing, the AMA adjusts its sensitivity based on the market's noise and trends.
### Key Features of AMA:
1. **Adaptive Sensitivity:**
- The AMA responds more quickly to significant market movements while filtering out minor fluctuations. This is achieved by adjusting the smoothing constant dynamically.
- In trending markets, the AMA becomes more sensitive, allowing it to capture trends faster.
- In choppy or sideways markets, the AMA reduces its sensitivity, thus minimizing the impact of noise and avoiding false signals.
2. **Efficiency Ratio (ER):**
- The ER is a core component of the AMA. It measures the efficiency of price movement by comparing the net price change to the total price change over a given period.
- A higher ER indicates a strong trend, while a lower ER suggests more noise in the market.
3. **Smoothing Constant (SC):**
- The SC determines how much weight is given to the most recent price relative to the previous AMA value.
- The SC is dynamically adjusted based on the ER, with higher values used during strong trends and lower values during volatile or choppy periods.
### Applications of AMA:
- **Trend Detection:** The AMA is useful for identifying the start of a new trend or confirming an existing one, as it adjusts quickly to significant price movements.
- **Noise Reduction:** By adapting to market conditions, the AMA helps in filtering out market noise, making it easier to distinguish between genuine trends and short-term fluctuations.
- **Entry and Exit Signals:** Traders can use the AMA to generate buy and sell signals. For instance, when the price crosses above the AMA, it might indicate a buying opportunity, and when it crosses below, it might signal a selling opportunity.
### Benefits:
- **Adaptive Nature:** Its ability to adjust to market conditions makes the AMA more reliable in different market environments.
- **Reduced Lag:** Compared to traditional moving averages, the AMA reduces lag during trending markets, allowing for quicker responses to price movements.
### Drawbacks:
- **Complexity:** The calculation of the AMA is more complex compared to simple moving averages, which might make it less accessible to some traders.
- **Parameter Sensitivity:** The effectiveness of the AMA can vary depending on the chosen parameters (e.g., length, fast length, slow length), requiring careful tuning.
In summary, the AMA is a powerful tool for traders looking to capture trends while minimizing the impact of market noise. Its adaptive nature makes it suitable for various market conditions, providing a balance between responsiveness and noise reduction.
Mystic Pulse [CHE]Mystic Pulse - A Non-Lagging Trend Indicator
Introduction
In the world of trading, identifying trends accurately and timely is crucial for successful decision-making. The saying "The Trend is Your Friend" encapsulates this principle, emphasizing the importance of riding the prevailing market trend. The Mystic Pulse indicator is designed to help traders do exactly that—detect trends early and follow them with confidence.
This presentation will walk you through how the Mystic Pulse indicator functions, its advantages, and how it can be a powerful tool in your trading arsenal.
Key Features of Mystic Pulse
Non-Lagging Signals: Unlike traditional indicators that often lag the market, Mystic Pulse generates trend signals in real-time, ensuring you are always in sync with the current market direction.
Adaptive Smoothing: The indicator employs a smoothing factor that dynamically adjusts based on recent price action, reducing noise and focusing on significant market movements.
Directional Movement Analysis: By calculating the directional movement index (DI+ and DI-) with a unique smoothing approach, the indicator identifies whether bulls or bears are in control.
Trend Counting Logic: The indicator counts consecutive positive and negative trend signals, providing a clear visual representation of the market’s direction.
Customizable Candle Colors: For better visual clarity, the indicator allows for customization of candle colors, highlighting neutral, bullish, or bearish candles based on trend strength.
Understanding the Indicator
1. Directional Movement and ADX Calculation
The Mystic Pulse uses a modified ADX calculation known as ZLAG ADX. It assesses true range, directional movement (both positive and negative), and smoothes these values over a specified length. This helps in capturing the essence of market trends without lag:
True Range (TR): Measures market volatility by comparing the high-low range to the previous close.
Directional Movement: Determines whether bulls (DI+) or bears (DI-) are gaining strength.
These components are then smoothed using a custom formula that adapts to recent price movements, ensuring that the signals remain relevant and timely.
2. Trend Counting Mechanism
The heart of Mystic Pulse is its trend counting logic:
Positive Trend Count: Increases when DI+ shows strengthening bullish signals.
Negative Trend Count: Increases when DI- indicates stronger bearish control.
Total Trend Count: Reflects the dominant trend by comparing positive and negative counts.
This counting mechanism ensures that the indicator is always aware of the current market bias, updating in real-time.
3. Visualization and Signal Generation
The indicator provides visual cues through color-coded plots:
Green Plot: Indicates an ongoing uptrend (positive trend count is higher).
Red Plot: Signals a downtrend (negative trend count is higher).
Neutral Candles: Optionally highlighted when neither bulls nor bears dominate, offering a clearer view of indecisive market conditions.
Application and Strategy
The Mystic Pulse indicator is ideal for traders who prefer trend-following strategies. Here's how you can apply it effectively:
Entry Points: Enter trades when the trend count strongly favors one direction, indicated by consecutive green (bullish) or red (bearish) plots.
Exit Points: Consider exiting when the opposite trend starts to gain traction, signaled by a change in the dominant color.
Risk Management: Use the neutral candle display to avoid trades in uncertain market conditions, thereby reducing risk.
Conclusion
The Mystic Pulse indicator is a sophisticated tool that helps traders stay aligned with market trends, offering non-lagging, adaptive signals. Its design reflects the trading philosophy "The Trend is Your Friend," enabling you to follow the market's lead with confidence.
By incorporating this indicator into your trading strategy, you can enhance your ability to identify and capitalize on emerging trends, minimizing lag and maximizing potential returns.
Q&A
If you have any questions or would like to see a live demonstration of the Mystic Pulse in action, feel free to ask.
Disclaimer:
Use with Caution: This indicator is provided for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered as financial advice. Users should exercise caution and perform their own analysis before making trading decisions based on the indicator's signals.
Not Financial Advice: The information provided by this indicator does not constitute financial advice, and the creator (CHE) shall not be held responsible for any trading losses incurred as a result of using this indicator.
Backtesting Recommended: Traders are encouraged to backtest the indicator thoroughly on historical data before using it in live trading to assess its performance and suitability for their trading strategies.
Risk Management: Trading involves inherent risks, and users should implement proper risk management strategies, including but not limited to stop-loss orders and position sizing, to mitigate potential losses.
No Guarantees: The accuracy and reliability of the indicator's signals cannot be guaranteed, as they are based on historical price data and past performance may not be indicative of future results.
Best regards Chervolino
Envelope with Kernel Selection [CHE] Envelope with Kernel Selection Indicator Overview
The "Envelope with Kernel Selection " is a versatile technical analysis tool designed to help traders identify market trends and trading signals. This indicator allows traders to spot signals in two primary ways: through the plotshape markers, which indicate specific price crossovers, and via the background color, which visually represents the current market trend.
Key Features and Advantages:
1. Dual Signal Mechanism:
- Plotshape Markers: The indicator uses visual markers (arrows) on the chart to highlight when the price crosses above or below the envelope bands. These markers act as clear trade signals, helping traders identify potential buy or sell opportunities.
- Background Color for Trend Identification: In addition to plotshape markers, the indicator can also use the chart's background color to indicate overall market direction. A green background suggests a bullish trend, while a red background indicates a bearish trend. This dual signal mechanism provides traders with both precise entry/exit points and an easy-to-read trend indicator.
2. Customizable Background Color Feature:
- Background Color Toggle: The background color feature can be turned on or off using the `bgColorEnabled = input.bool(true, "Background Color On / Off")` setting. When this setting is enabled (`true`), the background color dynamically changes based on the market's trend, offering an additional visual cue. If the setting is disabled (`false`), the background color remains neutral, allowing traders to focus solely on the plotshape signals or other chart elements.
- Visual Clarity: When enabled, the background color helps traders quickly gauge the market's trend without analyzing detailed chart patterns, making it easier to identify whether the market is in a bullish or bearish phase.
3. Customizable Kernel Selection for Enhanced Smoothing:
- Diverse Kernel Options: The indicator provides six different kernel functions (Linear, Exponential, Epanechnikov, Triangular, Cosine, Gauss) for smoothing price data. Traders can select the kernel that best suits their analysis style, allowing for precise adjustment to market conditions.
- Improved Trend Accuracy: By choosing the appropriate kernel function, traders can either focus on short-term price movements or capture broader trends more effectively, thus improving the accuracy of their market analysis.
4. Non-Repainting Signals for Reliability:
- Consistency in Signals: The indicator’s non-repainting nature ensures that once a signal (such as a crossover or trend change) is generated, it does not change with future price movements. This consistency is crucial for making reliable trading decisions, especially when backtesting or executing strategies based on historical data.
- Dependable Trading: Traders can rely on the signals provided by this indicator to remain consistent, which enhances confidence in decision-making and reduces the risk of false signals.
5. Dynamic Trend Bands:
- Adaptive Support and Resistance: The indicator calculates and displays upper and lower trend bands around a midline based on the selected kernel function. These bands act as dynamic support and resistance levels, guiding traders in identifying potential reversal zones.
- Versatility in Various Market Conditions: The bands can be adjusted for different market volatilities using the bandwidth setting, making the indicator suitable for both trending and ranging markets.
6. Clear Visual Indicators for Crossovers:
- Easy-to-Spot Trade Signals: The indicator uses arrows to mark when the price crosses the upper or lower bands. A green arrow indicates a potential buy signal, while a red arrow indicates a potential sell signal. These visual markers simplify the identification of entry and exit points.
- Enhanced Precision: By clearly marking crossover points, the indicator helps traders execute trades with greater precision, reducing the likelihood of missed opportunities.
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In summary, the "Envelope with Kernel Selection " offers traders a powerful combination of visual signals through plotshape markers and background color changes. Its customizable kernel selection, non-repainting nature, and dynamic trend bands make it a comprehensive and reliable tool for market analysis and trading. Whether you prefer clear trade signals or broader trend identification, this indicator provides the flexibility and accuracy needed to make informed trading decisions.
Best regards
Chervolino
Historical Swing High-Low Gann IndicatorThe Historical Swing High-Low Gann Indicator is a powerful tool designed to track and visualize key market swing points over time. This indicator identifies significant swing highs and lows within a specified time frame and draws connecting lines between these points, allowing traders to observe the natural ebb and flow of the market.
What sets this indicator apart is its ability to maintain all previously drawn swing lines, creating a comprehensive historical view of market movements. Additionally, the indicator projects Gann-style lines from the most recent swing highs and lows, providing traders with potential future support and resistance levels based on the geometric progression of price action.
Features:
Swing Detection: Automatically detects significant swing highs and lows over a user-defined period (default is 3 hours).
Persistent Historical Lines: Keeps all previously drawn lines, offering a complete visual history of the market's swing points.
Gann-Style Projections: Draws forward-looking lines from the latest swing points to help predict possible future market levels.
Customizable Parameters: Allows users to adjust the swing detection period to suit different trading styles and time frames.
This indicator is ideal for traders who rely on price action, support and resistance levels, and Gann theory for their analysis. Whether used in isolation or as part of a broader strategy, the Historical Swing High-Low Gann Indicator provides valuable insights into the market's behavior over time.
Day-of-Week PerformanceThis Pine Script indicator calculates and displays the average performance for each weekday over a specified lookback period on a chart. The performance is computed based on the percentage change from the open to the close price of each day.
Features:
Lookback Period:
Input field to specify the number of days to look back for calculating performance. The default is set to 756 days.
Performance Calculation:
Calculates the average percentage change from open to close for each weekday (Monday through Friday) within the specified lookback period.
Histogram Plots:
Displays histograms on the chart for each weekday. Each histogram represents the average performance of that day of the week.
Histograms are plotted with distinct colors:
Monday: Blue
Tuesday: Red
Wednesday: Green
Thursday: Orange
Friday: Purple
Performance Table:
A table is displayed in the top-right corner of the chart showing the average percentage performance for each weekday.
The table updates with the lookback period and the calculated average performance values for each weekday.
Positive performance values are shown in green, and negative values are shown in red.
This indicator helps visualize day-of-the-week performance trends, providing insights into which days typically perform better or worse over the specified period.
Normalized and Smoothed Cumulative Delta for Top 5 NASDAQ StocksThis script is designed to create a TradingView indicator called **"Normalized and Smoothed Cumulative Delta for Top 5 NASDAQ Stocks."** The purpose of this indicator is to track and visualize the cumulative price delta (the change in price from one period to the next) for the top five NASDAQ stocks: Apple Inc. (AAPL), Microsoft Corporation (MSFT), Alphabet Inc. (GOOGL), Amazon.com Inc. (AMZN), and Meta Platforms Inc. (FB).
### Key Features of the Script:
1. **Ticker Selection**:
- The script focuses on the top five NASDAQ stocks by automatically setting their tickers.
2. **Price Data Retrieval**:
- It fetches the closing prices for each of these stocks using the `request.security` function for the current timeframe.
3. **Delta Calculation**:
- The script calculates the delta for each stock, which is simply the difference between the current closing price and the previous closing price.
4. **Cumulative Delta Calculation**:
- It calculates the cumulative delta for each stock by adding the current delta to the previous cumulative delta. This helps track the total change in price over time.
5. **Summing and Smoothing**:
- The cumulative deltas for all five stocks are summed together.
- The script then applies an Exponential Moving Average (EMA) with a period of 5 to smooth the summed cumulative delta, making the indicator less sensitive to short-term fluctuations.
6. **Normalization**:
- To ensure the cumulative delta is easy to interpret, the script normalizes it to a range of 0 to 1. This is done by tracking the minimum and maximum values of the smoothed cumulative delta and scaling the data accordingly.
7. **Visualization**:
- The normalized cumulative delta is plotted as a smooth line, allowing users to see the overall trend of the cumulative price changes for the top five NASDAQ stocks.
- A horizontal line is added at 0.5, serving as a midline reference, which can help traders quickly assess whether the normalized cumulative delta is above or below its midpoint.
### Usage:
This indicator is particularly useful for traders and investors who want to monitor the aggregated price movements of the top NASDAQ stocks, providing a high-level view of market sentiment and trends. By smoothing and normalizing the data, it offers a clear and concise visualization that can be used to identify potential market turning points or confirm ongoing trends.
Fear/Greed Zone Reversals [UAlgo]The "Fear/Greed Zone Reversals " indicator is a custom technical analysis tool designed for TradingView, aimed at identifying potential reversal points in the market based on sentiment zones characterized by fear and greed. This indicator utilizes a combination of moving averages, standard deviations, and price action to detect when the market transitions from extreme fear to greed or vice versa. By identifying these critical turning points, traders can gain insights into potential buy or sell opportunities.
🔶 Key Features
Customizable Moving Averages: The indicator allows users to select from various types of moving averages (SMA, EMA, WMA, VWMA, HMA) for both fear and greed zone calculations, enabling flexible adaptation to different trading strategies.
Fear Zone Settings:
Fear Source: Select the price data point (e.g., close, high, low) used for Fear Zone calculations.
Fear Period: This defines the lookback window for calculating the Fear Zone deviation.
Fear Stdev Period: This sets the period used to calculate the standard deviation of the Fear Zone deviation.
Greed Zone Settings:
Greed Source: Select the price data point (e.g., close, high, low) used for Greed Zone calculations.
Greed Period: This defines the lookback window for calculating the Greed Zone deviation.
Greed Stdev Period: This sets the period used to calculate the standard deviation of the Greed Zone deviation.
Alert Conditions: Integrated alert conditions notify traders in real-time when a reversal in the fear or greed zone is detected, allowing for timely decision-making.
🔶 Interpreting Indicator
Greed Zone: A Greed Zone is highlighted when the price deviates significantly above the chosen moving average. This suggests market sentiment might be leaning towards greed, potentially indicating a selling opportunity.
Fear Zone Reversal: A Fear Zone is highlighted when the price deviates significantly below the chosen moving average of the selected price source. This suggests market sentiment might be leaning towards fear, potentially indicating a buying opportunity. When the indicator identifies a reversal from a fear zone, it suggests that the market is transitioning from a period of intense selling pressure to a more neutral or potentially bullish state. This is typically indicated by an upward arrow (▲) on the chart, signaling a potential buy opportunity. The fear zone is characterized by high price volatility and overselling, making it a crucial point for traders to consider entering the market.
Greed Zone Reversal: Conversely, a Greed Zone is highlighted when the price deviates significantly above the chosen moving average. This suggests market sentiment might be leaning towards greed, potentially indicating a selling opportunity. When the indicator detects a reversal from a greed zone, it indicates that the market may be moving from an overbought condition back to a more neutral or bearish state. This is marked by a downward arrow (▼) on the chart, suggesting a potential sell opportunity. The greed zone is often associated with overconfidence and high buying activity, which can precede a market correction.
🔶 Why offer multiple moving average types?
By providing various moving average types (SMA, EMA, WMA, VWMA, HMA) , the indicator offers greater flexibility for traders to tailor the indicator to their specific trading strategies and market preferences. Different moving averages react differently to price data and can produce varying signals.
SMA (Simple Moving Average): Provides an equal weighting to all data points within the specified period.
EMA (Exponential Moving Average): Gives more weight to recent data points, making it more responsive to price changes.
WMA (Weighted Moving Average): Allows for custom weighting of data points, providing more flexibility in the calculation.
VWMA (Volume Weighted Moving Average): Considers both price and volume data, giving more weight to periods with higher trading volume.
HMA (Hull Moving Average): A combination of weighted moving averages designed to reduce lag and provide a smoother curve.
Offering multiple options allows traders to:
Experiment: Traders can try different moving averages to see which one produces the most accurate signals for their specific market.
Adapt to different market conditions: Different market conditions may require different moving average types. For example, a fast-moving market might benefit from a faster moving average like an EMA, while a slower-moving market might be better suited to a slower moving average like an SMA.
Personalize: Traders can choose the moving average that best aligns with their personal trading style and risk tolerance.
In essence, providing a variety of moving average types empowers traders to create a more personalized and effective trading experience.
🔶 Disclaimer
Use with Caution: This indicator is provided for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered as financial advice. Users should exercise caution and perform their own analysis before making trading decisions based on the indicator's signals.
Not Financial Advice: The information provided by this indicator does not constitute financial advice, and the creator (UAlgo) shall not be held responsible for any trading losses incurred as a result of using this indicator.
Backtesting Recommended: Traders are encouraged to backtest the indicator thoroughly on historical data before using it in live trading to assess its performance and suitability for their trading strategies.
Risk Management: Trading involves inherent risks, and users should implement proper risk management strategies, including but not limited to stop-loss orders and position sizing, to mitigate potential losses.
No Guarantees: The accuracy and reliability of the indicator's signals cannot be guaranteed, as they are based on historical price data and past performance may not be indicative of future results.
Hurst Exponent SmoothedDescription:
The Hurst Exponent Smoothed indicator provides a dynamic analysis of market behavior by calculating the Hurst Exponent over a specified lookback period. This tool is especially useful for identifying whether a market is trending or mean-reverting.
Key Features:
Lookback Period: Set to 90 by default, this parameter controls how many periods the indicator considers for its calculations. Adjusting this value allows you to fine-tune the sensitivity of the indicator to recent price action.
Market Analysis: The Hurst Exponent gives insights into the nature of price movement:
A value near 0.5 suggests a random walk, indicating that the market is unpredictable.
Values above 0.5 indicate a trending market where price movements exhibit persistence, suggesting that the current trend may continue.
Values below 0.5 point to a mean-reverting market, where price movements tend to reverse, making it a potential signal for contrarian trading strategies.
Usage:
Trend Following: When the Hurst Exponent is consistently above 0.5, it may indicate a strong trend. Traders can use this information to align with the current market direction.
Mean Reversion: If the Hurst Exponent falls below 0.5, it could signal that the market is more likely to revert to the mean, offering opportunities for mean-reversion strategies.
Visuals:
The indicator displays a smooth line oscillating between values, giving traders a clear visual cue for the current market condition.
The script is optimized for various timeframes, as demonstrated on the BTCUSD pair on a 270-minute chart. Traders can adapt the lookback period based on their trading style and the specific asset being analyzed.
Open Source: This script is open-source and free to use. Feel free to customize and adapt it to your needs!
Monthly Day Long Strategy with VIX and Risk ManagementThis trading strategy is designed to open long positions on a specific day of the month, with the conditions for entry and exit based on the VIX index and additional risk management techniques. The strategy includes stop-loss and take-profit features to manage risk and lock in profits.
Inputs:
Entry Day of the Month (entry_day): Specifies which day of the month to consider for initiating a trade. The default value is the 27th.
Hold Duration (Days) (hold_duration_days): Defines how many days to hold the position after opening. The default value is 4 days.
VIX Threshold (vix_threshold): Sets the maximum acceptable value for the VIX index to consider an entry. If the VIX is below this threshold, it signals a potential trade. The default value is 20.0.
Stop Loss (%) (stop_loss_percentage): Determines the percentage below the entry price where the stop-loss will be triggered. The default value is 2.0%.
Take Profit (%) (take_profit_percentage): Sets the percentage above the entry price where the take-profit will be triggered. The default value is 5.0%.
Functions:
next_weekday(date): Adjusts the entry date to the next Monday if it falls on a weekend (Saturday or Sunday). This ensures trades do not occur on non-trading days.
Logic:
Entry Conditions:
Date Check: Opens a long position if the current date matches the adjusted entry date (the 27th or the next Monday if the 27th falls on a weekend).
VIX Filter: The VIX index value must be below the specified threshold (e.g., 20.0) to consider an entry.
Exit Conditions:
Time-Based Exit: Closes the position after the hold duration of 4 days.
Stop-Loss: Automatically closes the position if the price drops to a level that is a specified percentage below the entry price (e.g., 2.0%).
Take-Profit: Closes the position if the price rises to a level that is a specified percentage above the entry price (e.g., 5.0%).
Plots:
VIX Plot: Displays the VIX index on the chart for visual reference.
VIX Threshold Line: A horizontal line representing the VIX threshold value.
Summary:
The strategy aims to take advantage of specific entry days while filtering trades based on VIX levels to ensure market conditions are favorable. Risk management is enhanced through stop-loss and take-profit settings, which help in controlling potential losses and securing profits. The strategy ensures trades are only made on trading days and not on weekends, adjusting automatically to the next Monday if needed.
ChatGPT kann Fehler machen. Überprüfe wichtige Informationen.
Friday Bond Short StrategyStrategy: Friday Bond Short Strategy (1H Timeframe)
Objective:
This strategy aims to open short positions on a specified day and hour (Eastern Time) and close those positions on another specified day and hour. The background color of the chart will turn green when a position is active, providing a visual cue of an open trade.
Parameters:
1. Entry Day:
• Defines the day of the week on which the short position will be opened.
• Value: 6 for Friday (Pine Script’s weekday numbering: Monday = 2, Friday = 6).
2. Entry Hour:
• Specifies the hour (Eastern Time) when the short position will be opened.
• Value: 13 for 13:00 ET (1:00 PM).
3. Exit Day:
• Defines the day of the week on which the short position will be closed.
• Value: 2 for Monday.
4. Exit Hour:
• Specifies the hour (Eastern Time) when the position will be closed.
• Value: 13 for 13:00 ET (1:00 PM).
How It Works:
1. Time Adjustment to Eastern Time:
• The script converts all time references to Eastern Time (America/New_York) to ensure the strategy operates according to the desired time zone.
2. Entry Conditions:
• The strategy checks if the current day of the week matches the specified entry_day and if the current hour matches the specified entry_hour.
• If both conditions are met, a short position is opened (strategy.entry("Short", strategy.short)).
3. Exit Conditions:
• Similarly, the strategy checks if the current day of the week matches the specified exit_day and if the current hour matches the specified exit_hour.
• If both conditions are met, the open short position is closed (strategy.close("Short")).
4. Background Color:
• The background color of the chart is adjusted based on whether there is an open position:
• Green Background: If the strategy has an open position (strategy.position_size > 0), the background is set to light green.
• No Background Color: If there is no open position, the background color is not set (na).
Summary:
The Friday Bond Short Strategy is designed to enter short positions on Fridays at 1:00 PM ET and close them on Mondays at 1:00 PM ET. The chart background color turns green when a short position is active, providing a clear visual indication of when the strategy is engaged in a trade.
75: Notable Financial CrisesThe TradingView script named "75: Notable Financial Crises" visualizes and marks significant financial crises on a financial chart.
This script plots vertical lines on the a chart corresponding to specific dates associated with notable financial crises in history. These crises could include events like the Great Depression (1929), Black Monday (1987), the Dot-com Bubble (2000), the Global Financial Crisis (2008), and others. By marking these dates on a chart, traders and analysts can easily observe the impact of these events on market behavior.
