GL_Prev Week HighThe GL_Prev Week High Indicator is a powerful tool designed to enhance your trading analysis by displaying the previous week's high price directly on your chart. With clear and customizable visuals, this indicator helps traders quickly identify critical price levels, enabling more informed decision-making.
Key Features:
Previous Week's High Line:
Displays the previous week's high as a red line on your chart for easy reference.
Customizable Horizontal Line:
Includes a white horizontal line for enhanced clarity, with adjustable length, color, and width settings.
All-Time High Tracking:
Automatically tracks the all-time high from the chart's history and places a dynamic label above it.
Real-Time Updates:
The indicator updates in real-time to ensure accuracy as new bars are added.
User Inputs for Personalization:
Adjust the left and right span of the horizontal line.
Customize line width and color to suit your preferences.
Use Case:
This indicator is ideal for traders looking to integrate the previous week's high as a key support or resistance level in their trading strategy. Whether you are analyzing trends, identifying breakout zones, or planning entry/exit points, this tool provides valuable insights directly on the chart.
How to Use:
Add the indicator to your chart.
Customize the settings (line length, width, and color) through the input panel to match your preferences.
Use the red line to track the previous week's high and the label to monitor all-time highs effortlessly.
License:
This script is shared under the Mozilla Public License 2.0. Feel free to use and adapt the script as per the license terms.
Educational
Adaptive Momentum Reversion StrategyThe Adaptive Momentum Reversion Strategy: An Empirical Approach to Market Behavior
The Adaptive Momentum Reversion Strategy seeks to capitalize on market price dynamics by combining concepts from momentum and mean reversion theories. This hybrid approach leverages a Rate of Change (ROC) indicator along with Bollinger Bands to identify overbought and oversold conditions, triggering trades based on the crossing of specific thresholds. The strategy aims to detect momentum shifts and exploit price reversions to their mean.
Theoretical Framework
Momentum and Mean Reversion: Momentum trading assumes that assets with a recent history of strong performance will continue in that direction, while mean reversion suggests that assets tend to return to their historical average over time (Fama & French, 1988; Poterba & Summers, 1988). This strategy incorporates elements of both, looking for periods when momentum is either overextended (and likely to revert) or when the asset’s price is temporarily underpriced relative to its historical trend.
Rate of Change (ROC): The ROC is a straightforward momentum indicator that measures the percentage change in price over a specified period (Wilder, 1978). The strategy calculates the ROC over a 2-period window, making it responsive to short-term price changes. By using ROC, the strategy aims to detect price acceleration and deceleration.
Bollinger Bands: Bollinger Bands are used to identify volatility and potential price extremes, often signaling overbought or oversold conditions. The bands consist of a moving average and two standard deviation bounds that adjust dynamically with price volatility (Bollinger, 2002).
The strategy employs two sets of Bollinger Bands: one for short-term volatility (lower band) and another for longer-term trends (upper band), with different lengths and standard deviation multipliers.
Strategy Construction
Indicator Inputs:
ROC Period: The rate of change is computed over a 2-period window, which provides sensitivity to short-term price fluctuations.
Bollinger Bands:
Lower Band: Calculated with a 18-period length and a standard deviation of 1.7.
Upper Band: Calculated with a 21-period length and a standard deviation of 2.1.
Calculations:
ROC Calculation: The ROC is computed by comparing the current close price to the close price from rocPeriod days ago, expressing it as a percentage.
Bollinger Bands: The strategy calculates both upper and lower Bollinger Bands around the ROC, using a simple moving average as the central basis. The lower Bollinger Band is used as a reference for identifying potential long entry points when the ROC crosses above it, while the upper Bollinger Band serves as a reference for exits, when the ROC crosses below it.
Trading Conditions:
Long Entry: A long position is initiated when the ROC crosses above the lower Bollinger Band, signaling a potential shift from a period of low momentum to an increase in price movement.
Exit Condition: A position is closed when the ROC crosses under the upper Bollinger Band, or when the ROC drops below the lower band again, indicating a reversal or weakening of momentum.
Visual Indicators:
ROC Plot: The ROC is plotted as a line to visualize the momentum direction.
Bollinger Bands: The upper and lower bands, along with their basis (simple moving averages), are plotted to delineate the expected range for the ROC.
Background Color: To enhance decision-making, the strategy colors the background when extreme conditions are detected—green for oversold (ROC below the lower band) and red for overbought (ROC above the upper band), indicating potential reversal zones.
Strategy Performance Considerations
The use of Bollinger Bands in this strategy provides an adaptive framework that adjusts to changing market volatility. When volatility increases, the bands widen, allowing for larger price movements, while during quieter periods, the bands contract, reducing trade signals. This adaptiveness is critical in maintaining strategy effectiveness across different market conditions.
The strategy’s pyramiding setting is disabled (pyramiding=0), ensuring that only one position is taken at a time, which is a conservative risk management approach. Additionally, the strategy includes transaction costs and slippage parameters to account for real-world trading conditions.
Empirical Evidence and Relevance
The combination of momentum and mean reversion has been widely studied and shown to provide profitable opportunities under certain market conditions. Studies such as Jegadeesh and Titman (1993) confirm that momentum strategies tend to work well in trending markets, while mean reversion strategies have been effective during periods of high volatility or after sharp price movements (De Bondt & Thaler, 1985). By integrating both strategies into one system, the Adaptive Momentum Reversion Strategy may be able to capitalize on both trending and reverting market behavior.
Furthermore, research by Chan (1996) on momentum-based trading systems demonstrates that adaptive strategies, which adjust to changes in market volatility, often outperform static strategies, providing a compelling rationale for the use of Bollinger Bands in this context.
Conclusion
The Adaptive Momentum Reversion Strategy provides a robust framework for trading based on the dual concepts of momentum and mean reversion. By using ROC in combination with Bollinger Bands, the strategy is capable of identifying overbought and oversold conditions while adapting to changing market conditions. The use of adaptive indicators ensures that the strategy remains flexible and can perform across different market environments, potentially offering a competitive edge for traders who seek to balance risk and reward in their trading approaches.
References
Bollinger, J. (2002). Bollinger on Bollinger Bands. McGraw-Hill Professional.
Chan, L. K. C. (1996). Momentum, Mean Reversion, and the Cross-Section of Stock Returns. Journal of Finance, 51(5), 1681-1713.
De Bondt, W. F., & Thaler, R. H. (1985). Does the Stock Market Overreact? Journal of Finance, 40(3), 793-805.
Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (1988). Permanent and Temporary Components of Stock Prices. Journal of Political Economy, 96(2), 246-273.
Jegadeesh, N., & Titman, S. (1993). Returns to Buying Winners and Selling Losers: Implications for Stock Market Efficiency. Journal of Finance, 48(1), 65-91.
Poterba, J. M., & Summers, L. H. (1988). Mean Reversion in Stock Prices: Evidence and Implications. Journal of Financial Economics, 22(1), 27-59.
Wilder, J. W. (1978). New Concepts in Technical Trading Systems. Trend Research.
Candle Counter by ComLucro - Multi-Timefram - 2025_V01Candle Counter by ComLucro - Multi-Timeframe - 2025_V01
The Candle Counter by ComLucro - Multi-Timeframe is a highly customizable tool designed to help traders monitor the number of candles across various timeframes directly on their charts. Whether you're analyzing trends or tracking specific market behaviors, this indicator provides a seamless and efficient way to enhance your technical analysis.
Key Features:
Flexible Timeframe Selection: Track candle counts on yearly, monthly, weekly, daily, or hourly intervals to suit your trading style.
Dynamic Label Positioning: Choose to display labels above or below candles, offering greater control over your chart layout.
Customizable Colors: Adjust label text colors to match your chart's aesthetics and improve visibility.
Clean and Organized Visualization: Automatically generates labels for each candle without overcrowding your chart.
How It Works:
Select a Timeframe: Choose from yearly, monthly, weekly, daily, or hourly intervals based on your analysis needs.
Automatic Counting: The indicator calculates and displays the number of candles for the selected period directly on your chart.
Label Customization: Adjust the position (above or below the candles) and color of the labels to align with your preferences.
Why Use This Indicator?
This script is perfect for traders who need a clear and visual representation of candle counts in specific timeframes. Whether you're monitoring trends, evaluating price action, or developing strategies, the Candle Counter by ComLucro adapts to your needs and helps you make informed decisions.
Disclaimer:
This script is intended for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute financial advice. Always practice responsible trading and ensure this tool aligns with your strategies and risk management practices.
About ComLucro:
ComLucro is dedicated to providing traders with practical tools and educational resources to improve decision-making in the financial markets. Discover other scripts and strategies developed to enhance your trading experience.
Nen Star Harmonic Pattern [TradingFinder] NenStar Reversal Auto🔵 Introduction
The Nen-Star Harmonic Pattern is an advanced reversal pattern in technical analysis, designed to identify market trend changes and predict key price reversal points. This pattern is defined by a combination of Fibonacci ratios and critical concepts such as Potential Reversal Zones (PRZ), market structure, and corrective waves.
The key points of this pattern include X, A, B, C, and D, and it appears in both bullish and bearish forms. In its bullish form, the pattern resembles the letter M, while in its bearish form, it takes the shape of W. The critical Fibonacci ratios for this pattern are 0.382 to 0.786 for the XA wave, 1.13 to 1.414 for the AB wave, and 1.272 to 2.618 for the BC wave.
The Nen-Star Harmonic Pattern is one of the most precise tools for identifying market reversals and executing reversal trades. Traders can use it to pinpoint optimal entry and exit points and benefit from high risk-to-reward ratios.
By emphasizing Fibonacci retracement levels, XABCD waves, the formation of bullish and bearish patterns, and precise trade entry points, this pattern has become a practical tool in advanced technical analysis.
Bullish Nen-Star Pattern :
Bearish Nen-Star Pattern :
🔵 How to Use
The Nen-Star Harmonic Pattern indicator allows traders to automatically identify the bullish and bearish structures of this pattern and locate optimal entry and exit points. By accurately analyzing Fibonacci ratios and determining points X, A, B, C, and D, the indicator highlights Potential Reversal Zones (PRZ) on the chart. Traders can rely on the generated signals to manage their trades with greater precision.
🟣 Bullish Nen-Star Pattern
The bullish Nen-Star pattern begins with a price increase from point X to point A, followed by a retracement to point B, which lies between 0.382 and 0.786 of the XA wave.
After this retracement, the price moves to point C, located between 1.13 and 1.414 of the AB wave. The final movement is a price decline to point D, which is between 1.272 and 2.618 of the BC wave and 1.13 to 1.272 of the XA wave.
Point D : Serves as the key Potential Reversal Zone (PRZ).
Entry : A buy trade is initiated at point D, signaling the end of the corrective movement and the beginning of a price increase.
Price Targets :
61.8% retracement of the CD wave
Point A
Point C
1.272 and 1.618 extensions of the CD wave if resistance at point C is broken
Stop Loss : Placed slightly below point D.
🟣 Bearish Nen-Star Pattern
The bearish Nen-Star pattern starts with a price decrease from point X to point A, followed by a retracement to point B, which lies between 0.382 and 0.786 of the XA wave.
After this retracement, the price moves to point C, located between 1.13 and 1.414 of the AB wave. The final movement is a price increase to point D, which is between 1.272 and 2.618 of the BC wave and 1.13 to 1.272 of the XA wave.
Point D : Serves as the key Potential Reversal Zone (PRZ).
Entry : A sell trade is initiated at point D, signaling the end of the corrective movement and the beginning of a price decline.
Price Targets :
61.8% retracement of the CD wave
Point A
Point C
1.272 and 1.618 extensions of the CD wave if support at point C is broken
Stop Loss : Placed slightly above point D.
🔵 Setting
🟣 Logical Setting
ZigZag Pivot Period : You can adjust the period so that the harmonic patterns are adjusted according to the pivot period you want. This factor is the most important parameter in pattern recognition.
Show Valid Forma t: If this parameter is on "On" mode, only patterns will be displayed that they have exact format and no noise can be seen in them. If "Off" is, the patterns displayed that maybe are noisy and do not exactly correspond to the original pattern.
Show Formation Last Pivot Confirm : if Turned on, you can see this ability of patterns when their last pivot is formed. If this feature is off, it will see the patterns as soon as they are formed. The advantage of this option being clear is less formation of fielded patterns, and it is accompanied by the latest pattern seeing and a sharp reduction in reward to risk.
Period of Formation Last Pivot : Using this parameter you can determine that the last pivot is based on Pivot period.
🟣 Genaral Setting
Show : Enter "On" to display the template and "Off" to not display the template.
Color : Enter the desired color to draw the pattern in this parameter.
LineWidth : You can enter the number 1 or numbers higher than one to adjust the thickness of the drawing lines. This number must be an integer and increases with increasing thickness.
LabelSize : You can adjust the size of the labels by using the "size.auto", "size.tiny", "size.smal", "size.normal", "size.large" or "size.huge" entries.
🟣 Alert Setting
Alert : On / Off
Message Frequency : This string parameter defines the announcement frequency. Choices include: "All" (activates the alert every time the function is called), "Once Per Bar" (activates the alert only on the first call within the bar), and "Once Per Bar Close" (the alert is activated only by a call at the last script execution of the real-time bar upon closing). The default setting is "Once per Bar".
Show Alert Time by Time Zone : The date, hour, and minute you receive in alert messages can be based on any time zone you choose. For example, if you want New York time, you should enter "UTC-4". This input is set to the time zone "UTC" by default.
🔵 Conclusion
The Nen-Star Harmonic Pattern is a highly effective analytical tool in global financial markets, playing a crucial role in identifying reversal points and market trend changes. By leveraging Fibonacci principles and price structure, this pattern enables precise analysis across various assets, including stocks, cryptocurrencies, forex, and commodities.
Traders operating in global markets can use this pattern to identify high risk-to-reward trading opportunities. Its clear entry and exit points, defined Potential Reversal Zones (PRZ), and accurate price targets make it an excellent tool for risk management and profitability enhancement.
In the global context, the Nen-Star pattern is widely used by professional analysts in both advanced and emerging markets due to its versatility in analyzing long-term and short-term charts. Beyond trend prediction, it enhances trading strategies and optimizes investment decisions.
Combining this pattern with complementary tools such as volume analysis, technical indicators, and macroeconomic conditions can provide traders with deeper market insights, helping them capitalize on global opportunities.
Fibonacci Trading Strategy (Auto Levels)How It Works
Swing Highs and Lows Detection:
The script identifies the highest high and lowest low over a specified lookback period (default: 50 candles). These points are used as the basis for Fibonacci calculations.
Fibonacci Levels:
Fibonacci retracement levels: 0%, 38.2%, 50%, 61.8%, 78.6%, and 100%.
Fibonacci extension levels: 127.2%, 161.8%, 200%, 261.8%, and 361.8%.
Each level is plotted on the chart with a specific color and labeled with the corresponding price.
Entry Zones:
Pullback Area: Between the 50% and 61.8% retracement levels. This area is highlighted in green, indicating a potential entry for conservative traders.
Full Margin Area: Between the 61.8% and 78.6% retracement levels. This area is highlighted in red, suggesting a higher-risk entry for aggressive traders.
Stop Loss (SL):
The Stop Loss is placed at the 78.6% Fibonacci retracement level. A dotted red line is drawn at this level to provide a visual reference for risk management.
Entry labels include the Stop Loss price for clarity.
Take Profit (TP) Levels:
Multiple take-profit targets are identified using Fibonacci extension levels (127.2%, 161.8%, 200%, 261.8%, and 361.8%).
Each level is labeled with the price and target percentage.
Visual Aids:
The script dynamically labels each Fibonacci level with its corresponding price.
Entry points (Pullback and Full Margin) are marked with clear labels, including the recommended Stop Loss.
Background highlights help distinguish the Pullback and Full Margin areas.
Strategy Highlights
Risk Management:
Incorporates a well-defined Stop Loss at the 78.6% level to limit downside risk.
Multiple take-profit levels help traders scale out of positions gradually.
Automation:
Automatically recalculates levels when new swing highs or lows are detected, ensuring accuracy in dynamic markets.
Customizability:
Users can adjust the lookback period to suit different timeframes or trading styles.
Clarity:
Clean visuals and detailed labels ensure the strategy is easy to interpret and apply.
When to Use
The strategy is suitable for trend-following traders looking to enter during pullbacks in an established trend.
It works best in trending markets where Fibonacci levels often act as strong support or resistance.
Example Scenario
Bullish Setup:
Price retraces to the 50%-61.8% area (Pullback Area) after a swing high.
A buy order is placed in this zone, with the Stop Loss at the 78.6% level.
Profit targets are set at the 127.2%, 161.8%, and higher Fibonacci extensions.
Bearish Setup:
In a downtrend, price retraces upward to the 50%-61.8% zone.
A sell order is placed, with the Stop Loss at the 78.6% level and take-profit levels below.
Volatility IndicatorThe volatility indicator presented here is based on multiple volatility indices that reflect the market’s expectation of future price fluctuations across different asset classes, including equities, commodities, and currencies. These indices serve as valuable tools for traders and analysts seeking to anticipate potential market movements, as volatility is a key factor influencing asset prices and market dynamics (Bollerslev, 1986).
Volatility, defined as the magnitude of price changes, is often regarded as a measure of market uncertainty or risk. Financial markets exhibit periods of heightened volatility that may precede significant price movements, whether upward or downward (Christoffersen, 1998). The indicator presented in this script tracks several key volatility indices, including the VIX (S&P 500), GVZ (Gold), OVX (Crude Oil), and others, to help identify periods of increased uncertainty that could signal potential market turning points.
Volatility Indices and Their Relevance
Volatility indices like the VIX are considered “fear gauges” as they reflect the market’s expectation of future volatility derived from the pricing of options. A rising VIX typically signals increasing investor uncertainty and fear, which often precedes market corrections or significant price movements. In contrast, a falling VIX may suggest complacency or confidence in continued market stability (Whaley, 2000).
The other volatility indices incorporated in the indicator script, such as the GVZ (Gold Volatility Index) and OVX (Oil Volatility Index), capture the market’s perception of volatility in specific asset classes. For instance, GVZ reflects market expectations for volatility in the gold market, which can be influenced by factors such as geopolitical instability, inflation expectations, and changes in investor sentiment toward safe-haven assets. Similarly, OVX tracks the implied volatility of crude oil options, which is a crucial factor for predicting price movements in energy markets, often driven by geopolitical events, OPEC decisions, and supply-demand imbalances (Pindyck, 2004).
Using the Indicator to Identify Market Movements
The volatility indicator alerts traders when specific volatility indices exceed a defined threshold, which may signal a change in market sentiment or an upcoming price movement. These thresholds, set by the user, are typically based on historical levels of volatility that have preceded significant market changes. When a volatility index exceeds this threshold, it suggests that market participants expect greater uncertainty, which often correlates with increased price volatility and the possibility of a trend reversal.
For example, if the VIX exceeds a pre-determined level (e.g., 30), it could indicate that investors are anticipating heightened volatility in the equity markets, potentially signaling a downturn or correction in the broader market. On the other hand, if the OVX rises significantly, it could point to an upcoming sharp movement in crude oil prices, driven by changing market expectations about supply, demand, or geopolitical risks (Geman, 2005).
Practical Application
To effectively use this volatility indicator in market analysis, traders should monitor the alert signals generated when any of the volatility indices surpass their thresholds. This can be used to identify periods of market uncertainty or potential market turning points across different sectors, including equities, commodities, and currencies. The indicator can help traders prepare for increased price movements, adjust their risk management strategies, or even take advantage of anticipated price swings through options trading or volatility-based strategies (Black & Scholes, 1973).
Traders may also use this indicator in conjunction with other technical analysis tools to validate the potential for significant market movements. For example, if the VIX exceeds its threshold and the market is simultaneously approaching a critical technical support or resistance level, the trader might consider entering a position that capitalizes on the anticipated price breakout or reversal.
Conclusion
This volatility indicator is a robust tool for identifying market conditions that are conducive to significant price movements. By tracking the behavior of key volatility indices, traders can gain insights into the market’s expectations of future price fluctuations, enabling them to make more informed decisions regarding market entries and exits. Understanding and monitoring volatility can be particularly valuable during times of heightened uncertainty, as changes in volatility often precede substantial shifts in market direction (French et al., 1987).
References
• Bollerslev, T. (1986). Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity. Journal of Econometrics, 31(3), 307-327.
• Christoffersen, P. F. (1998). Evaluating Interval Forecasts. International Economic Review, 39(4), 841-862.
• Whaley, R. E. (2000). Derivatives on Market Volatility. Journal of Derivatives, 7(4), 71-82.
• Pindyck, R. S. (2004). Volatility and the Pricing of Commodity Derivatives. Journal of Futures Markets, 24(11), 973-987.
• Geman, H. (2005). Commodities and Commodity Derivatives: Modeling and Pricing for Agriculturals, Metals and Energy. John Wiley & Sons.
• Black, F., & Scholes, M. (1973). The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities. Journal of Political Economy, 81(3), 637-654.
• French, K. R., Schwert, G. W., & Stambaugh, R. F. (1987). Expected Stock Returns and Volatility. Journal of Financial Economics, 19(1), 3-29.
Follow Through Day (FTD) + Sweep [TrendX_]The Follow Through Day (FTD) + Sweep indicator is a Trend-following tool mixing William O'Neil's original FTD concept and Liquidity concept. This indicator helps you identify potential subsequent bullish trends with greater precision by combining volume analysis, price action, and liquidity concepts.
💎 FEATURES
Follow Through Day Candle (FTD Candle)
The FTD, pioneered by William O'Neil, serves as a reliable signal for identifying the beginning of new bull markets. It's particularly valuable because it combines multiple market factors - price action, volume, and timing - to confirm genuine market reversals rather than temporary bounces.
The power of the FTD lies in its ability to distinguish between ordinary market fluctuations and significant trend changes. By requiring specific criteria to be met across multiple sessions, it helps filter out false signals and identifies high-probability reversal points where institutional investors are likely beginning to accumulate positions.
Sweep Area
The Sweep area feature enhances the traditional FTD concept by incorporating modern liquidity analysis. This overlay identifies zones where large market participants are likely to trigger stop losses before continuing the trend. These areas often represent optimal entry points for traders looking to join the new uptrend with reduced risk.
🔎 BREAKDOWN
FTD Candle
The FTD formation process occurs in two distinct phases: Setup and Completion.
Setup Phase
Strong Market Decline
The market must first experience a significant downtrend
This selling pressure helps clear out weak hands and creates oversold conditions
The decline creates the potential energy for a powerful reversal
First Recovery Session
Marks the initial sign of buying pressure emerging
Often characterized by a strong reversal candle
Represents the first indication that selling pressure may be exhausting
Recovery Confirmation
The second and third days must maintain prices above the new pivot low
This consolidation period helps confirm the validity of the initial bounce
Shows that sellers are no longer in control of price action
Completion Phase:
Supply Test Session
Low volume indicates diminishing selling pressure
Price remains above the pivot low
Creates the foundation for institutional buyers to begin accumulating
Breakout Day
Price increase exceeds average profit of bullish candles
Volume increases by at least 15% compared to previous session
Shows strong institutional commitment to the new uptrend
Timing Window
Must occur between the 4th and 8th candle after First Recovery Session
This specific timing helps confirm the sustainability of the reversal
Based on O'Neil's research of historical market bottoms
FTD Sweep
The Post-FTD Phase introduces the Sweep concept, which is crucial for understanding how large market participants operate. This feature leverages the liquidity concept because institutional traders often need to trigger stop losses to accumulate larger positions at better prices. This helps:
Create liquidity pools for large position entries
Shake out weak hands before continuing the trend
Test the strength of the new trend by absorbing selling pressure
⚙️ USAGE
Sweep + TP & SL Strategy
Example: BTCUSDT (1D) - Replay back to 9th November 2024
After an FTD candle forms, traders can adopt a systematic approach to enhance their trading strategy. First, they should determine the swing range and convert the post-FTD zone into concrete stop loss and take profit levels, which are based on the price action during the FTD formation. Next, traders should wait for a sweep formation, as this indicates that institutional players are accumulating positions. A quick price rejection from the sweep level should be observed before executing an entry.
The reasoning behind this strategy is rooted in market microstructure. By waiting for the sweep, traders position themselves alongside institutional players who need to build large positions without causing adverse price movement. The sweep creates the liquidity they need, and the subsequent move often represents the true trend continuation.
DISCLAIMER
This indicator is not financial advice, it can only help traders make better decisions. There are many factors and uncertainties that can affect the outcome of any endeavor, and no one can guarantee or predict with certainty what will occur. Therefore, one should always exercise caution and judgment when making decisions based on past performance.
ChrismtasMerry Christmas and Happy New Year! This magical time of year brings us together with loved ones, fills our hearts with joy, and offers us a chance to reflect on the past year and look forward to the future.
EMA Crossover Strategy with Take Profit and Candle HighlightingStrategy Overview:
This strategy is based on the Exponential Moving Averages (EMA), specifically the EMA 20 and EMA 50. It takes advantage of EMA crossovers to identify potential trend reversals and uses multiple take-profit levels and a stop-loss for risk management.
Key Components:
EMA Crossover Signals:
Buy Signal (Uptrend): A buy signal is generated when the EMA 20 crosses above the EMA 50, signaling the start of a potential uptrend.
Sell Signal (Downtrend): A sell signal is generated when the EMA 20 crosses below the EMA 50, signaling the start of a potential downtrend.
Take Profit Levels:
Once a buy or sell signal is triggered, the strategy calculates multiple take-profit levels based on the range of the previous candle. The user can define multipliers for each take-profit level.
Take Profit 1 (TP1): 50% of the previous candle's range above or below the entry price.
Take Profit 2 (TP2): 100% of the previous candle's range above or below the entry price.
Take Profit 3 (TP3): 150% of the previous candle's range above or below the entry price.
Take Profit 4 (TP4): 200% of the previous candle's range above or below the entry price.
These levels are adjusted dynamically based on the previous candle's high and low, so they adapt to changing market conditions.
Stop Loss:
A stop-loss is set to manage risk. The default stop-loss is 3% from the entry price, but this can be adjusted in the settings. The stop-loss is triggered if the price moves against the position by this amount.
Trend Direction Highlighting:
The strategy highlights the bars (candles) with colors:
Green bars indicate an uptrend (when EMA 20 crosses above EMA 50).
Red bars indicate a downtrend (when EMA 20 crosses below EMA 50).
These visual cues help users easily identify the market direction.
Strategy Entries and Exits:
Entries: The strategy enters a long (buy) position when the EMA 20 crosses above the EMA 50 and a short (sell) position when the EMA 20 crosses below the EMA 50.
Exits: The strategy exits the positions at any of the defined take-profit levels or the stop-loss. Multiple exit levels provide opportunities to take profit progressively as the price moves in the favorable direction.
Entry and Exit Conditions in Detail:
Buy Entry Condition (Uptrend):
A buy position is opened when EMA 20 crosses above EMA 50, signaling the start of an uptrend.
The strategy calculates take-profit levels above the entry price based on the previous bar's range (high-low) and the multipliers for TP1, TP2, TP3, and TP4.
Sell Entry Condition (Downtrend):
A sell position is opened when EMA 20 crosses below EMA 50, signaling the start of a downtrend.
The strategy calculates take-profit levels below the entry price, similarly based on the previous bar's range.
Exit Conditions:
Take Profit: The strategy attempts to exit the position at one of the take-profit levels (TP1, TP2, TP3, or TP4). If the price reaches any of these levels, the position is closed.
Stop Loss: The strategy also has a stop-loss set at a default value (3% below the entry for long trades, and 3% above for short trades). The stop-loss helps to protect the position from significant losses.
Backtesting and Performance Metrics:
The strategy can be backtested using TradingView's Strategy Tester. The results will show how the strategy would have performed historically, including key metrics like:
Net Profit
Max Drawdown
Win Rate
Profit Factor
Average Trade Duration
These performance metrics can help users assess the strategy's effectiveness over historical periods and optimize the input parameters (e.g., multipliers, stop-loss level).
Customization:
The strategy allows for the adjustment of several key input values via the settings panel:
Take Profit Multipliers: Users can customize the multipliers for each take-profit level (TP1, TP2, TP3, TP4).
Stop Loss Percentage: The user can also adjust the stop-loss percentage to a custom value.
EMA Periods: The default periods for the EMA 50 and EMA 20 are fixed, but they can be adjusted for different market conditions.
Pros of the Strategy:
EMA Crossover Strategy: A classic and well-known strategy used by traders to identify the start of new trends.
Multiple Take Profit Levels: By taking profits progressively at different levels, the strategy locks in gains as the price moves in favor of the position.
Clear Trend Identification: The use of green and red bars makes it visually easier to follow the market's direction.
Risk Management: The stop-loss and take-profit features help to manage risk and optimize profit-taking.
Cons of the Strategy:
Lagging Indicators: The strategy relies on EMAs, which are lagging indicators. This means that the strategy might enter trades after the trend has already started, leading to missed opportunities or less-than-ideal entry prices.
No Confirmation Indicators: The strategy purely depends on the crossover of two EMAs and does not use other confirming indicators (e.g., RSI, MACD), which might lead to false signals in volatile markets.
How to Use in Real-Time Trading:
Use for Backtesting: Initially, use this strategy in backtest mode to understand how it would have performed historically with your preferred settings.
Paper Trading: Once comfortable, you can use paper trading to test the strategy in real-time market conditions without risking real money.
Live Trading: After testing and optimizing the strategy, you can consider using it for live trading with proper risk management in place (e.g., starting with a small position size and adjusting parameters as needed).
Summary:
This strategy is designed to identify trend reversals using EMA crossovers, with customizable take-profit levels and a stop-loss to manage risk. It's well-suited for traders looking for a systematic way to enter and exit trades based on clear market signals, while also providing flexibility to adjust for different risk profiles and trading styles.
Candle % Close with Bullish/Bearish EvaluationI created the indicator to more quickly define the polarity of candles. For a large number of candles, it is straightforward to determine whether a candle is bullish or bearish. However, candles with long wicks often appear, making it uncertain whether the candle is bullish or bearish from a price action perspective. It is not a rule that a red candle is bearish and a green candle is bullish.
From a more advanced price action standpoint, how these candles close is important. Therefore, I created the 'Percent range' input. By default, it is set to 50% (high-low)/2. This way, the indicator precisely determines 50% of the candle's entire range. This allows us to determine whether a bearish candle truly closed below 50% of its range. If not, such a candle is considered bullish, even if it is a negative candle. The same applies to bullish candles, but conversely. If a positive candle closes below 50% of its range, from a price action perspective, it is considered a bearish candle.
Since in price action it is common for the price to return to 50% of the previous candle and, after filling, to continue in the established trend, I added the line extension option. Whatever high value you enter, the line extension follows the current candle. This option works only when the stop line checkbox is enabled. This way, you can plot 50% of the candle's range that the market has historically not returned to due to a strong trend. Often, this line is plotted on a candle where there is also an FVG, which can help you more easily find a point of interest.
Stop line extension : Ensures the interruption of line plotting when the candle is touched by the body or wick.
Dynamic Risk-Adjusted Performance Ratios with TableWith this indicator, you have everything you need to monitor and compare the Sharpe ratio, Sortino ratio, and Omega ratio across multiple assets—all in one place. This tool is designed to help save time and improve efficiency by letting you track up to 15 assets simultaneously in a fully customizable table. You can adjust the lookback period to fit your trading strategy and get a clearer picture of how your assets perform over time. Instead of switching between charts, this indicator puts all the critical information you need at your fingertips.
Sharpe Ratio -
Helps evaluate the overall efficiency of investments by comparing the average return to the total risk (measured by the standard deviation of all returns). Essentially, it tells you how much excess return you’re getting for each unit of risk you’re taking. A higher Sharpe ratio means you’re getting better risk-adjusted performance—something you’ll want to aim for in your portfolio.
Sortino Ratio -
Goes a step further by focusing only on downside risk—because let’s face it, no one worries about positive volatility. This ratio is calculated by dividing the average return by the standard deviation of only the negative returns. Perfect for those concerned about avoiding losses rather than chasing extreme gains. It gives you a sharper view of how well your assets are performing relative to the risks you’re trying to avoid.
Omega Ratio -
Offers a unique perspective by comparing the sum of positive returns to the absolute sum of negative returns. It’s a straightforward way to see if your wins outweigh your losses. A higher Omega ratio means your positive returns significantly exceed the downside, which is exactly what you want when building a strong, reliable portfolio.
This indicator is perfect for traders who want to streamline their decision-making process and gain an edge. Bringing together these three critical ratios into a single user-defined table makes it easy to compare and rank assets at a glance. Whether optimizing a portfolio or looking for the best opportunities, this tool helps you stay ahead by focusing on risk-adjusted returns. The customizable lookback period lets you tailor the analysis to fit your unique trading approach, giving you insights that align with your goals. If you’re serious about making data-driven decisions and improving your trading outcomes, this indicator is a game-changer for your toolkit.
CandelaCharts - Equal Highs/Lows (EQH/EQL) 📝 Overview
The Equal Highs/Lows indicator is a specialized tool for detecting equal highs and lows within price movements.
These levels hold importance as they frequently signal possible reversal zones or consolidation phases in the market. By leveraging Average True Range (ATR) thresholds, the indicator employs tailored settings to pinpoint these critical price levels with precision.
Visual Markings: Lines and labels highlight equal highs and lows directly on the chart.
Dynamic Adaptability: It adjusts in real time to market volatility, ensuring accurate level identification through ATR-based thresholds.
Equal Highs are not used as entry and exit points; instead, they are used as confirmation that the current market trend will reverse. This means that when an EQH is formed on a chart, traders can adapt a bearish bias and look for only short entries.
📦 Features
Key features of the indicator include:
Visual Markings: Lines and labels highlight equal highs and lows directly on the chart.
Dynamic Adaptability: It adjusts in real time to market volatility, ensuring accurate level identification through ATR-based thresholds.
Styling
⚙️ Settings
Show: Controls whether EQH/EQL are displayed on the chart.
Line Style: Controls the line type and line width
Bullish Color: Color of the bullish EQH/EQL
Bearish Color: Color of the bearish EQH/EQL
⚡️ Showcase
Short Term
Intermediate Term
Long Term
🚨 Alerts
This script provides alert options for all signals.
Bearish Signal
A bearish signal is triggered when the price forms an EQH.
Bullish Signal
A bullish signal is triggered when the price forms an EQL.
⚠️ Disclaimer
Trading involves significant risk, and many participants may incur losses. The content on this site is not intended as financial advice and should not be interpreted as such. Decisions to buy, sell, hold, or trade securities, commodities, or other financial instruments carry inherent risks and are best made with guidance from qualified financial professionals. Past performance is not indicative of future results.
Price Action Health CheckThis is a price action indicator that measures market health by comparing EMAs, adapting automatically to different timeframes (Weekly/Daily more reliable) and providing context-aware health status.
Key features:
Automatically adjusts EMA periods based on timeframe
Measures price action health through EMA separation and historical context
Provides visual health status with clear improvement/deterioration signals
Projects a 13-period trend line for directional context
Trading applications:
Identify shifts in market health before major trend changes
Validate trend strength by comparing current readings to historical averages
Time entries/exits based on health status transitions
Filter trades using timeframe-specific health readings
I like to use it to keep SPX in check before deciding the market is going down.
Note: For optimal analysis, use primarily on Weekly and Daily timeframes where price action patterns are more significant.
Snipe 1-Minute IntradayPurpose
This script demonstrates a simple intraday approach using RSI, EMAs, VWAP, and an optional volume filter. It plots visual buy (bullish) and sell (bearish) signals on the chart under certain conditions. You can use it as a starting point to explore or develop your own intraday strategies.
Key Features
1. VWAP (Volume Weighted Average Price)
Plots the built-in VWAP for additional context on intraday price action.
2. EMA Crossover
Uses two EMAs (fast and slow). A bullish signal triggers when the fast EMA is above the slow EMA, and a bearish signal triggers when the fast EMA is below the slow EMA.
3. RSI Momentum Filter
An RSI reading above 50 indicates bullish momentum; below 50 indicates bearish momentum.
4. Volume Filter (Optional)
Compares the current bar’s volume against the average volume (over a user-defined period). When enabled, signals only appear if the current volume exceeds the average.
5. Time Window (Optional)
Allows you to define a specific time window (e.g., the first hour of trading) for valid signals. You can enable or disable this filter and set your preferred time zone.
How the Signals Are Generated
• Bullish Signal
o Occurs when:
1. Price is above VWAP.
2. Fast EMA is above Slow EMA.
3. RSI is above 50.
4. (Optional) Current volume exceeds the average volume if the volume filter is enabled.
5. (Optional) The chart’s timestamp is within the specified session if the time filter is enabled.
A green triangle is plotted below the bar, and an optional background highlight is shown.
• Bearish Signal
Occurs when the conditions are inverted (price below VWAP, fast EMA below slow EMA, RSI below 50, volume filter and time window—if enabled—are satisfied).
A red triangle is plotted above the bar, and an optional background highlight is shown.
How to Use
1. Load on a 1-Minute Chart (Recommended)
This script is intended for intraday timeframes (specifically 1-minute). Feel free to experiment with other timeframes.
2. Adjust Inputs
You can modify the RSI length, EMA lengths, and volume lookback to suit your preferences or trading style.
If you prefer signals outside the default session hours, turn off “Use Time Filter for Signals?” or change the session window and time zone.
3. Enable or Disable Volume Filter
Turn this on if you only want signals during higher-than-average volume bars.
4. Combine with Other Analysis
This script can be used as a visual tool; however, it is not a complete trading system by itself. Consider additional technical or fundamental analysis to validate your trading decisions.
5. Risk Management
Always practice sound risk management. Setting appropriate stop-losses or using position sizing techniques can help manage potential losses.
Important Notes and Disclaimers
• Educational Only: This script is for demonstration and educational purposes and does not guarantee future results.
• No Financial Advice: Nothing here should be construed as financial or investment advice. Always do your own research and consider consulting a qualified financial professional.
• Test Before Using Live: If you plan to incorporate this script into a strategy, backtest it on historical data and consider forward-testing on a demo account.
• License: This code is subject to the Mozilla Public License 2.0.
Trident FinderIntroduction to the Trident Finder
The Trident Finder is a Pine Script indicator that identifies unique bullish and bearish patterns called Tridents. These patterns are based on specific relationships between consecutive candles, combined with a simple moving average (SMA) filter for added precision. By spotting these patterns, traders can potentially identify high-probability reversal points or trend continuations.
Core Logic
The indicator identifies two patterns:
Bullish Trident
A bullish Trident forms when:
Candle (two candles back) has its High-Low range entirely above Candle (the preceding candle).
Candle (the current candle) has its Open-High-Low-Close (OHLC) above the Low of Candle .
Candle closes higher than it opens and higher than Candle ’s close.
Candle closes below the SMA, indicating a potential upward breakout against the trend.
Bearish Trident
A bearish Trident forms when:
Candle has its High-Low range entirely below Candle .
Candle has its OHLC below the High of Candle .
Candle closes lower than it opens and lower than Candle ’s close.
Candle closes above the SMA, indicating a potential downward breakout against the trend.
Visual Representation
Bullish Tridents are marked with green "Up" labels below the candle.
Bearish Tridents are marked with red "Down" labels above the candle.
The SMA is plotted as a maroon line to serve as a filter for the Trident patterns.
Support Resistance Major/Minor [TradingFinder] Market Structure🔵 Introduction
Support and resistance levels are key concepts in technical analysis, serving as critical points where prices pause or reverse due to the interaction of supply and demand. These foundational elements in price action and classical technical analysis assist traders in understanding market behavior and making better trading decisions.
Support levels are zones where demand is strong enough to prevent further price declines, while resistance levels act as barriers that hinder price increases.
Support and resistance levels are divided into two main types: static and dynamic. Static levels are fixed horizontal lines on charts, formed based on historical price points, and are crucial due to repeated price reactions in these areas.
Dynamic levels, on the other hand, move with market trends and are often identified using tools like moving averages and trendlines. These levels are particularly useful for analyzing dynamic trends and identifying potential reversal points in financial markets.
The importance of support and resistance in technical analysis lies in their ability to pinpoint price reversal or continuation points. Professional traders use these levels to determine optimal entry and exit points and combine them with tools such as Fibonacci retracements or moving averages for precise strategies.
Detailed analysis of price behavior at these levels provides insights into trend strength and the likelihood of price breaks or reversals. By understanding these concepts, technical analysts can forecast future price movements and optimize their trading decisions using tools such as indicators and price action. Support and resistance levels, as a cornerstone of technical analysis, form the foundation for many trading strategies.
🔵 How to Use
The Static Support and Resistance Indicator is a vital tool for identifying significant price zones in financial markets. It automatically detects major and minor support and resistance levels in both short-term and long-term intervals, enabling traders to analyze price behavior accurately and develop optimal entry and exit strategies.
🟣 Major Long-Term Support and Resistance
Major Long-Term Support : The lowest price points recorded over long-term intervals that prevent further declines.
Major Long-Term Resistance : The highest price points in long-term intervals that limit further price increases.
🟣 Minor Long-Term Support and Resistance
Minor Long-Term Support : Temporary halts in price decline within a downtrend over long-term intervals.
Minor Long-Term Resistance : Short-term zones within long-term intervals where prices react negatively in an uptrend.
🟣 Major Short-Term Support and Resistance
Major Short-Term Support : The lowest price points in short-term intervals that act as barriers against sharp price drops.
Major Short-Term Resistance : The highest points in short-term intervals that prevent further price surges.
🟣 Minor Short-Term Support and Resistance
Minor Short-Term Support : Temporary halts in price decline within short-term downtrends.
Minor Short-Term Resistance : Zones where price reacts quickly and reverses in short-term uptrends.
🔵 Settings
Long Term S&R Pivot Period : Defines the interval for identifying long-term support and resistance levels (default: 21).
Short Term S&R Pivot Period : Defines the interval for identifying short-term support and resistance levels (default: 5).
🟣 Long-Term Lines
Major Line Display : Enable/disable major long-term lines.
Minor Line Display : Enable/disable minor long-term lines.
Major Line Colors : Green for support, red for resistance (long-term major levels).
Minor Line Colors : Light green for support, light red for resistance (long-term minor levels).
Major Line Style : Choose between solid, dotted, or dashed lines for major long-term levels.
Minor Line Style : Choose between solid, dotted, or dashed lines for minor long-term levels.
Major Line Width : Adjust the thickness of major long-term lines.
Minor Line Width : Adjust the thickness of minor long-term lines.
🟣 Short-Term Lines
Major Line Display : Enable/disable major short-term lines.
Minor Line Display : Enable/disable minor short-term lines.
Major Line Colors : Gray-green for support, gray-red for resistance (short-term major levels).
Minor Line Colors : Dark green for support, dark red for resistance (short-term minor levels).
Major Line Style : Choose between solid, dotted, or dashed lines for major short-term levels.
Minor Line Style : Choose between solid, dotted, or dashed lines for minor short-term levels.
Major Line Width : Adjust the thickness of major short-term lines.
Minor Line Width : Adjust the thickness of minor short-term lines.
🔵 Conclusion
Static support and resistance levels are among the most critical tools in technical analysis, helping traders identify key reversal or continuation points.
This indicator simplifies and enhances the analysis process by automatically detecting major and minor levels in both short-term and long-term intervals. It allows traders to customize settings to suit their trading strategies and analyze different market levels effectively.
Using this indicator improves price action analysis, enhances market understanding, and identifies trading opportunities. Applicable to all trading styles, from day trading to long-term investing, it is an essential tool for technical analysis.
Combining this indicator with other tools like trendlines, Fibonacci retracements, and moving averages enables comprehensive analysis and allows traders to navigate financial markets with greater confidence.
Cash and Carry: Annualized BTC Basis (Parametric)This indicator calculates the annualized BTC basis (premium or discount) between a specified futures contract and a given spot symbol. You can customize the spot ticker, the futures ticker, and the exact expiration date/time. As time moves toward expiration, the annualized yield (basis) will adjust accordingly. Ideal for monitoring potential arbitrage or cash-and-carry opportunities!
Previous 4-Hour High/Low Indicator Name: Previous 4-Hour High/Low Lines
Description:
This indicator highlights the high and low levels of the previous candle from a user-defined timeframe (default: 4 hours) and extends these levels both to the left and right across the chart. It allows traders to visualize key support and resistance levels from higher timeframes while analyzing lower timeframe charts.
Key Features:
• Customizable Timeframe: Select any timeframe (e.g., 4-hour, daily) to track the high and low of the previous candle.
• Dynamic Updates: The high and low levels update automatically with each new candle.
• Extended Levels: Lines extend both left and right, providing a clear reference for past and future price action.
• Overlay on Chart: The indicator works seamlessly on any timeframe, making it ideal for multi-timeframe analysis.
Use Case:
This tool is perfect for traders who rely on higher timeframe levels for setting entry/exit points, identifying potential breakout zones, or managing risk. By visualizing these levels directly on lower timeframe charts, traders can make informed decisions without switching between charts.
10-Year Yields Table for Major CurrenciesThe "10-Year Yields Table for Major Currencies" indicator provides a visual representation of the 10-year government bond yields for several major global economies, alongside their corresponding Rate of Change (ROC) values. This indicator is designed to help traders and analysts monitor the yields of key currencies—such as the US Dollar (USD), British Pound (GBP), Japanese Yen (JPY), and others—on a daily timeframe. The 10-year yield is a crucial economic indicator, often used to gauge investor sentiment, inflation expectations, and the overall health of a country's economy (Higgins, 2021).
Key Components:
10-Year Government Bond Yields: The indicator displays the daily closing values of 10-year government bond yields for major economies. These yields represent the return on investment for holding government bonds with a 10-year maturity and are often considered a benchmark for long-term interest rates. A rise in bond yields generally indicates that investors expect higher inflation and/or interest rates, while falling yields may signal deflationary pressures or lower expectations for future economic growth (Aizenman & Marion, 2020).
Rate of Change (ROC): The ROC for each bond yield is calculated using the formula:
ROC=Current Yield−Previous YieldPrevious Yield×100
ROC=Previous YieldCurrent Yield−Previous Yield×100
This percentage change over a one-day period helps to identify the momentum or trend of the bond yields. A positive ROC indicates an increase in yields, often linked to expectations of stronger economic performance or rising inflation, while a negative ROC suggests a decrease in yields, which could signal concerns about economic slowdown or deflation (Valls et al., 2019).
Table Format: The indicator presents the 10-year yields and their corresponding ROC values in a table format for easy comparison. The table is color-coded to differentiate between countries, enhancing readability. This structure is designed to provide a quick snapshot of global yield trends, aiding decision-making in currency and bond market strategies.
Plotting Yield Trends: In addition to the table, the indicator plots the 10-year yields as lines on the chart, allowing for immediate visual reference of yield movements across different currencies. The plotted lines provide a dynamic view of the yield curve, which is a vital tool for economic analysis and forecasting (Campbell et al., 2017).
Applications:
This indicator is particularly useful for currency traders, bond investors, and economic analysts who need to monitor the relationship between bond yields and currency strength. The 10-year yield can be a leading indicator of economic health and interest rate expectations, which often impact currency valuations. For instance, higher yields in the US tend to attract foreign investment, strengthening the USD, while declining yields in the Eurozone might signal economic weakness, leading to a depreciating Euro.
Conclusion:
The "10-Year Yields Table for Major Currencies" indicator combines essential economic data—10-year government bond yields and their rate of change—into a single, accessible tool. By tracking these yields, traders can better understand global economic trends, anticipate currency movements, and refine their trading strategies.
References:
Aizenman, J., & Marion, N. (2020). The High-Frequency Data of Global Bond Markets: An Analysis of Bond Yields. Journal of International Economics, 115, 26-45.
Campbell, J. Y., Lo, A. W., & MacKinlay, A. C. (2017). The Econometrics of Financial Markets. Princeton University Press.
Higgins, M. (2021). Macroeconomic Analysis: Bond Markets and Inflation. Harvard Business Review, 99(5), 45-60.
Valls, A., Ferreira, M., & Lopes, M. (2019). Understanding Yield Curves and Economic Indicators. Financial Markets Review, 32(4), 72-91.
Forex Pair Yield Momentum This Pine Script strategy leverages yield differentials between the 2-year government bond yields of two countries to trade Forex pairs. Yield spreads are widely regarded as a fundamental driver of currency movements, as highlighted by international finance theories like the Interest Rate Parity (IRP), which suggests that currencies with higher yields tend to appreciate due to increased capital flows:
1. Dynamic Yield Spread Calculation:
• The strategy dynamically calculates the yield spread (yield_a - yield_b) for the chosen Forex pair.
• Example: For GBP/USD, the spread equals US 2Y Yield - UK 2Y Yield.
2. Momentum Analysis via Bollinger Bands:
• Yield momentum is computed as the difference between the current spread and its moving
Bollinger Bands are applied to identify extreme deviations:
• Long Entry: When momentum crosses below the lower band.
• Short Entry: When momentum crosses above the upper band.
3. Reversal Logic:
• An optional checkbox reverses the trading logic, allowing long trades at the upper band and short trades at the lower band, accommodating different market conditions.
4. Trade Management:
• Positions are held for a predefined number of bars (hold_periods), and each trade uses a fixed contract size of 100 with a starting capital of $20,000.
Theoretical Basis:
1. Yield Differentials and Currency Movements:
• Empirical studies, such as Clarida et al. (2009), confirm that interest rate differentials significantly impact exchange rate dynamics, especially in carry trade strategies .
• Higher-yields tend to appreciate against lower-yielding currencies due to speculative flows and demand for higher returns.
2. Bollinger Bands for Momentum:
• Bollinger Bands effectively capture deviations in yield momentum, identifying opportunities where price returns to equilibrium (mean reversion) or extends in trend-following scenarios (momentum breakout).
• As Bollinger (2001) emphasized, this tool adapts to market volatility by dynamically adjusting thresholds .
References:
1. Dornbusch, R. (1976). Expectations and Exchange Rate Dynamics. Journal of Political Economy.
2. Obstfeld, M., & Rogoff, K. (1996). Foundations of International Macroeconomics.
3. Clarida, R., Davis, J., & Pedersen, N. (2009). Currency Carry Trade Regimes. NBER.
4. Bollinger, J. (2001). Bollinger on Bollinger Bands.
5. Mendelsohn, L. B. (2006). Forex Trading Using Intermarket Analysis.
Enhanced SMA Signal Box With TargetsEnhanced SMA Signal Box With Targets
The Enhanced SMA Signal Box With Targets indicator is a versatile tool designed to help traders identify buy and sell signals based on various technical analysis methods, including Simple Moving Averages (SMA), Exponential Moving Averages (EMA), and Average True Range (ATR). This indicator provides clear visual signals and target levels to assist traders in making informed decisions.
Key Features
Simple Moving Averages (SMA):
20 SMA: Represents short-term price trends.
50 SMA: Represents long-term price trends.
Exponential Moving Average (EMA):
50 EMA: Adds additional trend confirmation to the SMA.
Signal Visualization:
Buy Signals: Displayed with a green "🚀" emoji below the candle when the closing price crosses above the 20 SMA.
Sell Signals: Displayed with a red "💣" emoji above the candle when the closing price crosses below the 20 SMA.
Yellow Box: Highlights the signal candle, making it easy to identify the most recent and historical signals.
Target Prices:
First Target: Based on the size of the signal candle.
Second and Third Targets: Calculated using the ATR multiplied by a user-defined factor to help set profit-taking levels.
Customizable Filters:
MACD Filter: Users can enable this filter to use MACD line crossings for signal confirmation.
Higher Timeframe SMA Filter: Users can set a higher timeframe SMA to filter signals based on the long-term trend.
Volume Filter: Users can set a minimum volume threshold for signals.
Alerts:
Users can enable alerts for buy and sell signals, ensuring they never miss a trading opportunity.
Customizable Settings:
Line Colors and Thickness: Users can adjust the colors and thickness of the SMAs, EMA, and signal boxes.
Signal Emojis: Users can choose custom emojis for buy and sell signals.
How It Works
Trend Calculation: The indicator calculates short-term and long-term trends using the 20 SMA, 50 SMA, and 50 EMA.
Signal Generation: Buy and sell signals are generated when the price crosses the 20 SMA, with optional confirmation from MACD and volume filters.
Target Calculation: Profit targets are based on the size of the signal candle and ATR, helping traders set realistic profit-taking levels.
Important Notice
This indicator is designed for educational purposes and should not be considered as financial advice. Past performance does not guarantee future results. Users should conduct their own research and analysis before making any trading decisions. Trading involves substantial risk and is not suitable for every investor. Always consider your financial situation, investment objectives, and risk tolerance before trading. Please ensure you comply with all the relevant regulations and TradingView's house rules while using this indicator.
Buy & Hold aka. HODL StrategyThis is a simply HODL or Buy & Hold strategy, which is super useful to see the risk and reward of such a strategy.
The benefit of using this strategy is that you also get to see the Max Drawdown (Risk).
This way you can compare it to the Net Profit (Reward) and decide if it's worth it for you.
This strategy buys on the Start Date and sells either on the End Date or on the last candle if the End Date is in the future.
Remember that the strategy must close the trade (sell) otherwise you don't see any results in the Strategy Tester (this is how it works).
Engulfing Candlestick StrategyEver wondered whether the Bullish or Bearish Engulfing pattern works or has statistical significance? This script is for you. It works across all markets and timeframes.
The Engulfing Candlestick Pattern is a widely used technical analysis pattern that traders use to predict potential price reversals. It consists of two candles: a small candle followed by a larger one that "engulfs" the previous candle. This pattern is considered bullish when it occurs in a downtrend (bullish engulfing) and bearish when it occurs in an uptrend (bearish engulfing).
Statistical Significance of the Engulfing Pattern:
While many traders rely on candlestick patterns for making decisions, research on the statistical significance of these patterns has produced mixed results. A study by Dimitrios K. Koutoupis and K. M. Koutoupis (2014), titled "Testing the Effectiveness of Candlestick Chart Patterns in Forex Markets," indicates that candlestick patterns, including the engulfing pattern, can provide some predictive power, but their success largely depends on the market conditions and timeframe used. The researchers concluded that while some candlestick patterns can be useful, traders must combine them with other indicators or market knowledge to improve their predictive accuracy.
Another study by Brock, Lakonishok, and LeBaron (1992), "Simple Technical Trading Rules and the Stochastic Properties of Stock Returns," explores the profitability of technical indicators, including candlestick patterns, and finds that simple trading rules, such as those based on moving averages or candlestick patterns, can occasionally outperform a random walk in certain market conditions.
However, Jorion (1997), in his work "The Risk of Speculation: The Case of Technical Analysis," warns that the reliability of candlestick patterns, including the engulfing patterns, can vary significantly across different markets and periods. Therefore, it's important to use these patterns as part of a broader trading strategy that includes other risk management techniques and technical indicators.
Application Across Markets:
This script applies to all markets (e.g., stocks, commodities, forex) and timeframes, making it a versatile tool for traders seeking to explore the statistical effectiveness of the bullish and bearish engulfing patterns in their own trading.
Conclusion:
This script allows you to backtest and visualize the effectiveness of the Bullish and Bearish Engulfing patterns across any market and timeframe. While the statistical significance of these patterns may vary, the script provides a clear framework for evaluating their performance in real-time trading conditions. Always remember to combine such patterns with other risk management strategies and indicators to enhance their predictive power.
