Get started

Indicators and strategies

Retracement Bar🔍 Retracement Bar – RB The Retracement Bar (RB) indicator is designed to highlight potential reversal zones by identifying candles where price shows a clear rejection from the extremes. It helps traders spot moments where institutional inventory rebalancing may be occurring — often a precursor to a strong move in the opposite direction. RB highlights bars that: Have a relatively small real body compared to the total candle range. Show a long wick (upper or lower) that exceeds a user-defined percentage of the candle range. Suggest a potential rejection of price — upward or downward — based on candle structure. When these conditions are met, a triangle symbol is plotted: 🔻 Red triangle above a candle suggests a possible short opportunity. 🔺 Green triangle below a candle suggests a possible long opportunity. This indicator does not repaint and triggers only at candle close. 📈 Example – Long Entry Signal: A green triangle appears below a candle (suggesting rejection of lower prices). Steps: Wait for the current RB candle to close. On the next candle: Enter long if price breaks above the high of the RB candle. Alternatively, wait for a pullback and enter based on confirmation (e.g., bullish engulfing, hammer, trendline bounce). Place a stop-loss just below the low of the RB candle. Set a target: Based on a 2:1 risk-reward ratio. Or use the next resistance/Fibonacci level. 📉 Example – Short Entry Signal: A red triangle appears above a candle (suggesting rejection of higher prices). Steps: Wait for the current RB candle to close. On the next candle: Enter short if price breaks below the low of the RB candle. Or wait for confirmation (e.g., bearish engulfing, shooting star, breakdown from a level). Place a stop-loss just above the high of the RB candle. Set a target: 2:1 risk-reward ratio. Or the next support/Fibonacci zone. ✅ Recommended Filters for Better Results: Confluence with support/resistance zones. Trend alignment or reversal context. Additional confirmation from price action patterns or oscillators. Volume analysis for entry strength. 🙏 Acknowledgment Special thanks to Rob Hoffman for inspiring this concept through his original Inventory Retracement Bar (IRB) idea — this indicator is a reinterpretation meant to visually and practically support discretionary price action traders.
Pine Script® indicator
by Giancarlo_Adorno
9 EMA Angle + Price % Filter//@version=5 indicator("9 EMA Angle + Price % Filter", overlay=true) length = 9 emaLine = ta.ema(close, length) // === INPUTS === angleThreshold = input.float(20, "EMA Angle Threshold (°)") pricePercentThreshold = input.float(80, "Price % Above/Below EMA") // === PRICE DISTANCE FROM EMA IN % === percentAbove = close >= emaLine ? ((close - emaLine) / emaLine) * 100 : 0 percentBelow = close < emaLine ? ((emaLine - close) / emaLine) * 100 : 0 // === ANGLE CALCULATION === lookbackBars = input.int(5, "Bars for Angle Calculation") p1 = emaLine p2 = emaLine deltaY = p1 - p2 deltaX = lookbackBars angleRadians = math.atan(deltaY / deltaX) angleDegrees = angleRadians * 180 / math.pi // === CONDITIONS === isFlat = percentAbove < pricePercentThreshold and percentBelow < pricePercentThreshold and angleDegrees > -angleThreshold and angleDegrees < angleThreshold isPriceAbove = percentAbove >= pricePercentThreshold isPriceBelow = percentBelow >= pricePercentThreshold isAngleUp = angleDegrees >= angleThreshold isAngleDown = angleDegrees <= -angleThreshold // === EMA COLOR LOGIC === emaColor = isFlat ? color.black : isAngleUp or isPriceAbove ? color.green : isAngleDown or isPriceBelow ? color.red : color.gray // === PLOT EMA === plot(emaLine, "9 EMA", color=emaColor, linewidth=2)
Pine Script® indicator
by thought_eng
Kelly Optimal Leverage IndicatorThe Kelly Optimal Leverage Indicator mathematically applies Kelly Criterion to determine optimal position sizing based on market conditions. This indicator helps traders answer the critical question: "How much capital should I allocate to this trade?" Note that "optimal position sizing" does not equal the position sizing that you should have. The Optima position sizing given by the indicator is based on historical data and cannot predict a crash, in which case, high leverage could be devastating. Originally developed for gambling scenarios with known probabilities, the Kelly formula has been adapted here for financial markets to dynamically calculate the optimal leverage ratio that maximizes long-term capital growth while managing risk. Key Features Kelly Position Sizing: Uses historical returns and volatility to calculate mathematically optimal position sizes Multiple Risk Profiles: Displays Full Kelly (aggressive), 3/4 Kelly (moderate), 1/2 Kelly (conservative), and 1/4 Kelly (very conservative) leverage levels Volatility Adjustment: Automatically recommends appropriate Kelly fraction based on current market volatility Return Smoothing: Option to use log returns and smoothed calculations for more stable signals Comprehensive Table: Displays key metrics including annualized return, volatility, and recommended exposure levels How to Use Interpret the Lines: Each colored line represents a different Kelly fraction (risk tolerance level). When above zero, positive exposure is suggested; when below zero, reduce exposure. Note that this is based on historical returns. I personally like to increase my exposure during market downturns, but this is hard to illustrate in the indicator. Monitor the Table: The information panel provides precise leverage recommendations and exposure guidance based on current market conditions. Follow Recommended Position: Use the "Recommended Position" guidance in the table to determine appropriate exposure level. Select Your Risk Profile: Conservative traders should follow the Half Kelly or Quarter Kelly lines, while more aggressive traders might consider the Three-Quarter or Full Kelly lines. Adjust with Volatility: During high volatility periods, consider using more conservative Kelly fractions as recommended by the indicator. Mathematical Foundation The indicator calculates the optimal leverage (f*) using the formula: f* = μ/σ² Where: μ is the annualized expected return σ² is the annualized variance of returns This approach balances potential gains against risk of ruin, offering a scientific framework for position sizing that maximizes long-term growth rate. Notes The Full Kelly is theoretically optimal for maximizing long-term growth but can experience significant drawdowns. You should almost never use full kelly. Most practitioners use fractional Kelly strategies (1/2 or 1/4 Kelly) to reduce volatility while capturing most of the growth benefits This indicator works best on daily timeframes but can be applied to any timeframe Negative Kelly values suggest reducing or eliminating market exposure The indicator should be used as part of a complete trading system, not in isolation Enjoy the indicator! :) P.S. If you are really geeky about the Kelly Criterion, I recommend the book The Kelly Capital Growth Investment Criterion by Edward O. Thorp and others.
Pine Script® indicator
by HenriqueCentieiro
Short-Term Holder MVRVThis script calculates and visualizes the Market Value to Realized Value (MVRV) ratio for Bitcoin, specifically focusing on short-term holders (STH). The MVRV ratio is a key on-chain metric that compares Bitcoin's market cap to its realized cap (the aggregate cost basis of all coins). It helps traders identify overbought and oversold conditions in the market. Key Features 1. Moving Averages (Customizable) The script allows users to apply different moving averages to smooth the MVRV data: EMA (Exponential Moving Average) SMA (Simple Moving Average) SMMA/RMA (Smoothed/Rolling Moving Average) WMA (Weighted Moving Average) VWMA (Volume-Weighted Moving Average) HMA (Hull Moving Average) 2. Core Calculation Fetches BTC_MVRV data from TradingView's security function. Computes a moving average (default: 238-period WMA) of the MVRV values. Calculates the Ratio_MVRV as: text Ratio_MVRV = Current MVRV / Moving Average of MVRV A bullish signal is generated when Ratio_MVRV > 1 (market is heating up). A bearish signal is generated when Ratio_MVRV < 1 (market is cooling down). 3. Visual Output Main Plot: A line chart showing Ratio_MVRV. Orange when bullish (Ratio_MVRV > 1). Purple when bearish (Ratio_MVRV < 1). Horizontal Line: A dotted white line at 1.0, acting as a threshold. Table Display: A small table in the top-right corner showing "↑ Bull" (green) or "↓ Bear" (red) based on the current market state. 4. Alerts Triggers TradingView alerts when the market state changes between bullish and bearish. Interpretation & Trading Signals When Ratio_MVRV > 1 (Bullish): Suggests Bitcoin is gaining momentum, possibly entering an overbought phase. Could indicate a good time to hold or accumulate, but extreme highs may signal a potential top. When Ratio_MVRV < 1 (Bearish): Suggests Bitcoin is undervalued, possibly in an oversold phase. Could indicate a buying opportunity, but prolonged lows may signal further downside. Default Settings & Customization Length: 238 (adjustable, default based on common long-term trend analysis). Moving Average Type: WMA (Weighted Moving Average). Users can modify these settings in the Inputs menu in TradingView. Use Case Helps traders identify market cycles by tracking short-term holder behavior. Works best as a confirmation tool alongside other indicators (e.g., RSI, MACD). Useful for swing traders and long-term investors looking for trend reversals.
Pine Script® indicator
by Tiagorocha1989
Spot Overlapping FVG - [Fandesoft Trading Academy]🧠 Overview This script plots Higher Timeframe Fair Value Gaps (FVGs) with full visibility and precise placement on lower timeframe charts. Each timeframe (1D–12M) has its own independent toggle, custom label, and box styling, allowing traders to analyze broader market structures across swing and long-term horizons. 🎯 Features ✅ Identifies Fair Value Gaps using a 3-candle logic (candle 1 high vs candle 3 low, and vice versa). ✅ Plots HTF FVG boxes aligned to lower timeframes for comprehensive multi-timeframe analysis. ✅ Supports custom timeframes: 1D to 12M, with individual toggles. ✅ Full visual customization: border color, bullish/bearish box opacity, label font size and color. ✅ Modular inputs to enable or disable specific timeframes for performance. ✅ Uses barstate.isconfirmed logic for stable, non-repainting plots. ⚙️ How It Works The script requests higher timeframe data via request.security. For each confirmed bar, it checks for FVGs based on: Bullish FVG: low >= high Bearish FVG: low >= high If a gap is detected, a box is plotted between candle 1 and candle 3 using box.new(). Timeframe toggles ensure calculations remain within the limit of 40 request.security calls. 📈 Use Cases Swing traders analyzing daily to monthly imbalances for medium-term strategies. Position traders seeking to identify long-term imbalance zones for entries or exits. ICT methodology practitioners visualizing higher timeframe displacement and inefficiencies. Traders layering multiple HTF FVGs to build confluence-based trading decisions.
Pine Script® indicator
by alicnsz
Overlapping FVG - [Fandesoft Trading Academy]🧠 Overview This script plots Higher Timeframe Fair Value Gaps (FVGs) with full visibility and precise placement on lower timeframe charts. Each timeframe (30s–15m) has its own independent toggle, custom label, and box styling, allowing traders to analyze market structures in detail. 🎯 Features ✅ Identifies Fair Value Gaps using a 3-candle logic (candle 1 high vs candle 3 low, and vice versa). ✅ Plots HTF FVG boxes aligned to lower timeframes for intraday analysis. ✅ Supports custom timeframes: 30s to 15m, with individual toggles. ✅ Full visual customization: border color, bullish/bearish box opacity, label font size and color. ✅ Modular inputs to enable or disable specific timeframes for performance. ✅ Uses barstate.isconfirmed logic for stable, non-repainting plots. ⚙️ How It Works The script requests higher timeframe data via request.security. For each confirmed bar, it checks for FVGs based on: Bullish FVG: low >= high Bearish FVG: low >= high If a gap is detected, a box is plotted between candle 1 and candle 3 using box.new(). Timeframe toggles ensure calculations remain within the limit of 40 request.security calls. 📈 Use Cases Scalpers and intraday traders analyzing microstructure. ICT methodology practitioners visualizing displacement and inefficiencies. Traders layering multiple FVG timeframes for confluence.
Pine Script® indicator
by alicnsz
MULTI INDICATOR BY DEEPANINDIAThis TradingView strategy combines EMA, SuperTrend, and swing high/low to identify trend breakouts. A long trade is triggered when the previous candle closes above the EMA High and the current candle breaks the prior high. A short trade occurs (if not in Long Only mode) when the opposite happens with the EMA Low. The SuperTrend confirms trend direction, while swing points act as dynamic stop-loss levels. The script includes customizable inputs for EMA lengths, SuperTrend settings, and swing lookback. It helps traders capture strong trends with defined entries and exits using a rules-based, multi-indicator approach.
Pine Script® strategy
by prisminvest48
YAS GROUPFOR ALL YAS GROUP MEMBERS 🔥 مؤشر متكامل يجمع بين عدة تقنيات احترافية لتحديد أفضل مناطق الدخول والخروج بدقة عالية: ✅ مناطق الـ Order Blocks القوية (15m, 1H, 4H) ✅ نسب الفيبوناتشي داخل الـ OB لتأكيد نقاط الانعكاس ✅ إشارات شراء وبيع دقيقة مع إمكانية تفعيل فلتر RSI و EMA/SMA ✅ خطوط دعم ومقاومة ديناميكية مبنية على آخر Pivot Highs & Lows ✅ مناسب للسكالبينج، التداول اليومي، وحتى الصفقات المتوسطة والطويلة 🎯 يمكنك التحكم في شروط الفلاتر وتخصيص الفريمات التي تهمك بسهولة من الإعدادات. 💡 هدف المؤشر: مساعدة المتداول في اتخاذ قرارات مدروسة ومبنية على مناطق سيولة وتجمع أوامر حقيقية، وليس فقط إشارات عشوائية. --- ⚠️ ملاحظة: - لا يعتبر هذا المؤشر نصيحة مالية مباشرة. - يفضل استخدامه مع إدارة رأس المال ومراعاة الأخبار والتحليل الأساسي. 🔔 لا تنسَ تفعيل التنبيهات للإشارات المهمة! 🔥 A complete all-in-one indicator combining multiple professional techniques to accurately detect the best entry and exit zones: ✅ Strong Order Blocks zones (15m, 1H, 4H) ✅ Fibonacci levels inside OBs to confirm reversal points ✅ Highly precise Buy/Sell signals with optional RSI and EMA/SMA filters ✅ Dynamic Support & Resistance lines based on latest pivot highs & lows ✅ Perfect for scalping, day trading, and swing trading 🎯 Easily customize filters and timeframes directly from the settings. 💡 Goal: Help traders make more confident, well-informed decisions based on real liquidity and order flow zones rather than random signals. --- ⚠️ Disclaimer: - This indicator is not financial advice. - Always combine it with proper risk management, fundamental analysis, and market context. 🔔 Don’t forget to set alerts to stay on top of key signals! مع تحيات محمد الابرزي وقروب ابو سلطان
Pine Script® indicator
by almhtrfaldyry
Zero Clutter Scalper (ZCS) 🔒//@version=5 indicator("Zero Clutter Scalper (ZCS) 🔒", overlay=true) // ==== SETTINGS ==== length = input.int(14, title="Momentum Length") threshold = input.float(5, title="Momentum Threshold") showSignals = input.bool(true, title="Show Buy/Sell Signals") enableAlerts = input.bool(true, title="Enable Alerts") // ==== MOMENTUM CALC ==== mom = close - close mom_smooth = ta.ema(mom, 5) // ==== PRICE ACTION CONFIRMATION ==== bullCandle = close > open and close > high bearCandle = close < open and close < low // ==== CONDITIONS ==== buyCond = mom_smooth > threshold and bullCandle sellCond = mom_smooth < -threshold and bearCandle // ==== PLOTTING ==== plotshape(showSignals and buyCond ? low : na, title="Buy Signal", location=location.belowbar, color=color.lime, style=shape.labelup, text="BUY") plotshape(showSignals and sellCond ? high : na, title="Sell Signal", location=location.abovebar, color=color.red, style=shape.labeldown, text="SELL") // ==== ALERTS ==== alertcondition(buyCond and enableAlerts, title="ZCS Buy Alert", message="ZCS Buy Signal on {{ticker}} ({{interval}})") alertcondition(sellCond and enableAlerts, title="ZCS Sell Alert", message="ZCS Sell Signal on {{ticker}} ({{interval}})")
Pine Script® indicator
by razakarrar50
DIP BUYING by HAZEREAL BUY THE DIP - Educational Price Movement Indicator This technical indicator is designed for educational purposes to help traders identify potential price reversal opportunities in equity markets, particularly focusing on NASDAQ-100 index tracking instruments and technology sector ETFs. Key Features: Monitors price movements relative to recent highs over customizable lookback periods Identifies two distinct price decline thresholds: standard (5%+) and extreme (12.3%+) Visual signals with triangular markers and background color zones Real-time data table showing current metrics and status Customizable alert system with webhook-ready JSON formatting Clean overlay design that doesn't obstruct price action How It Works: The indicator tracks the highest price within a specified lookback period and calculates the percentage decline from that high. When price drops below the minimum threshold, it generates visual buy signals. The extreme threshold triggers enhanced alerts for more significant market movements. Best Use Cases: Educational analysis of market volatility patterns Identifying potential support levels during market corrections Studying historical price behavior around significant declines Risk management and position sizing education Important Note: This is a technical analysis tool for educational purposes only. All trading decisions should be based on comprehensive analysis and appropriate risk management. Past performance does not guarantee future results.
Pine Script® indicator
by profitgang
Custom Daily Session Zones by KoenigseggCustom Daily Session Zones 🟣 Description This indicator displays customizable trading session time zones as background highlights on your chart, on any timeframe you choose. The inline info tooltip provides the precise start and end times of the three largest market sessions—the US, the EU, and ASIA—for quick reference. It provides flexible control over session times for different days of the week, making it ideal for traders who need to visualize specific market hours or trading sessions. 🟣 Key Features - Flexible Session Configuration: Set a common session time for all days or customize individual sessions for each day of the week - Per-Day Control: Enable or disable sessions for specific days (Monday through Sunday) - Color Customization: Choose unique colors for each day's session zones - UTC Timezone Standard: All session times are defined in UTC to ensure consistency across charts - Clean Visual Display: Non-intrusive background highlighting that doesn't interfere with price action 🟣 How to Use - Common Session Mode: Use the default mode to apply the same session time across all enabled days - Manual Per-Day Mode: Enable "Manual per-day sessions" to set different session times for each day - Day Selection: Toggle individual days on/off based on your trading schedule - Color Coding: Customize colors for each day to easily distinguish between different sessions 🟣 Technical Details - Uses Pine Script v6 for optimal performance - Implements proper session time detection using TradingView's built-in time functions - Operates in UTC timezone for all session calculations - Lightweight code that doesn't impact chart performance 🟣 Use Cases - Highlight specific trading sessions (London, New York, Tokyo, etc.) - Mark important market hours for your trading strategy - Visualize different session overlaps - Create custom trading time windows - Track market activity during specific hours 🟣 Compatibility - Works on all timeframes - Compatible with all asset classes (Forex, Stocks, Crypto, Futures, etc.) - Supports all TradingView chart types - Responsive design that adapts to different screen sizes 🟣 Image Descriptions - First Image (main image): Shows multiple New York Stock Exchange sessions from 1:30 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. (UTC), on the 15-minute timeframe, with each day’s zone colored differently to demonstrate the indicator’s customizable color settings. - Second Image: A zoomed‑in fractal chart view of the same New York session on the 15-minute timeframe, illustrating how the background session zone appears even at higher detail levels. Third Image: A close‑up of the New York session (1:30 p.m. to 8:00 p.m.) on the 3-minute timeframe, reaffirming the consistency of zone highlighting across different zoom levels. 🟣 Future Updates (v2) In the next release, you’ll be able to define multiple session blocks per day—displaying two distinct colored zones within the same trading day. This will help you visualize when one market session ends and another begins without losing chart clarity. 🟣 Conclusion This indicator is perfect for traders who need precise control over Market Session visualization and want to maintain a clean, professional chart appearance. 🟣 Disclaimer This script is provided for educational and illustrative purposes only. It is not financial or trading advice, nor a recommendation to buy or sell any asset. Always conduct your own research and consult a professional before making any trading decisions.
Pine Script® indicator
by CryptoPandaTA
CCI Trading SystemCCI Trading System with Signal Bar Coloring Overview This indicator combines the classic Commodity Channel Index (CCI) oscillator with visual signal detection and bar coloring to help traders identify potential momentum shifts and trading opportunities. Features CCI Oscillator Display: Shows CCI values in a separate pane with customizable period length Adjustable Thresholds: User-defined buy and sell levels (default: -100 buy, +100 sell) Visual Signal Detection: Triangle markers indicate crossover points Bar Coloring: Highlights only the bars where actual buy/sell signals occur Zone Highlighting: Background colors show overbought/oversold conditions Real-time Information Table: Displays current CCI value, thresholds, and signal status Built-in Alerts: Notification system for signal generation How It Works The indicator generates signals based on CCI threshold crossovers: Buy Signal: Triggered when CCI crosses above the buy threshold (lime bar coloring) Sell Signal: Triggered when CCI crosses below the sell threshold (red bar coloring) Input Parameters CCI Length: Period for CCI calculation (default: 20) Buy Threshold: Level for buy signal generation (default: -100) Sell Threshold: Level for sell signal generation (default: +100) Enable Bar Coloring: Toggle for chart bar coloring Show Signals: Toggle for signal markers Usage Guidelines Adjust thresholds based on your trading timeframe and volatility preferences Use in conjunction with other technical analysis tools for confirmation Consider market context and trend direction when interpreting signals The -200/+200 levels serve as additional reference points for extreme conditions Educational Purpose This indicator is designed for educational and analysis purposes. It demonstrates how CCI can be used to identify potential momentum shifts in price action. The visual elements help traders understand the relationship between CCI values and price movements. Risk Disclaimer This indicator is a technical analysis tool and does not guarantee profitable trades. Past performance does not indicate future results. Always conduct your own analysis and consider risk management principles. Trading involves substantial risk of loss and is not suitable for all investors. Technical Notes Uses Pine Script v5 Plots CCI with standard deviation-based calculation Includes crossover/crossunder functions for signal generation Features conditional bar coloring for signal visualization Incorporates alert conditions for automated notifications This script is open source and available for modification and educational use.
Pine Script® indicator
by profitgang
Crypto Risk-Weighted Allocation SuiteCrypto Risk-Weighted Allocation Suite This indicator is designed to help users explore dynamic portfolio allocation frameworks for the crypto market. It calculates risk-adjusted allocation weights across major crypto sectors and cash based on multi-factor momentum and volatility signals. Best viewed on INDEX:BTCUSD 1D chart. Other charts and timeframes may give mixed signals and incoherent allocations. 🎯 How It Works This model systematically evaluates the relative strength of: BTC Dominance (CRYPTOCAP:BTC.D) Represents Bitcoin’s share of the total crypto market. Rising dominance typically indicates defensive market phases or BTC-led trends. ETH/BTC Ratio (BINANCE:ETHBTC) Gauges Ethereum’s relative performance versus Bitcoin. This provides insight into whether ETH is leading risk appetite. SOL/BTC Ratio (BINANCE:SOLBTC) Measures Solana’s performance relative to Bitcoin, capturing mid-cap layer-1 strength. Total Market Cap excluding BTC and ETH (CRYPTOCAP:TOTAL3ES) Represents Altcoins as a broad category, reflecting appetite for higher-risk assets. Each of these series is: ✅ Converted to a momentum slope over a configurable lookback period. ✅ Standardized into Z-scores to normalize changes relative to recent behavior. ✅ Smoothed optionally using a Hull Moving Average for cleaner signals. ✅ Divided by ATR-based volatility to create a risk-weighted score. ✅ Scaled to proportionally allocate exposure, applying user-configured minimum and maximum constraints. 🪙 Dynamic Allocation Logic All signals are normalized to sum to 100% if fully confident. An overall confidence factor (based on total signal strength) scales the allocation up or down. Any residual is allocated to cash (unallocated capital) for conservative exposure. The script automatically avoids “all-in” bias and prevents negative allocations. 📊 Outputs The indicator displays: Market Phase Detection (which asset class is currently leading) Risk Mode (Risk On, Neutral, Risk Off) Dynamic Allocations for BTC, ETH, SOL, Alts, and Cash Optional momentum plots for transparency 🧠 Why This Is Unique Unlike simple dominance indicators or crossovers, this model: Integrates multiple cross-asset signals (BTC, ETH, SOL, Alts) Adjusts exposure proportionally to signal strength Normalizes by volatility, dynamically scaling risk Includes configurable constraints to reflect your own risk tolerance Provides a cash fallback allocation when conviction is low Is entirely non-repainting and based on daily closing data ⚠️ Disclaimer This script is provided for educational and informational purposes only. It is not financial advice and should not be relied upon to make investment decisions. Past performance does not guarantee future results. Always consult a qualified financial advisor before acting on any information derived from this tool. 🛠 Recommended Use As a framework to visualize relative momentum and risk-adjusted allocations For research and backtesting ideas on portfolio allocation across crypto sectors To help build your own risk management process This script is not a turnkey strategy and should be customized to fit your goals. ✅ Enjoy exploring dynamic crypto allocations responsibly!
Pine Script® indicator
by RWCS_LTD